Cancer

Question 1

What are the non-modifiable risk factors for cancer?

Answer 1

Age, genetics, and family history.

Question 2

What are the medically modifiable risk factors for cancer?

Answer 2

Chronic infections (e.g., HPV, hepatitis), hormone levels, and pre-existing conditions like inflammatory bowel disease.

Question 3

What are the behaviorally modifiable risk factors for cancer?

Answer 3

Smoking, excessive alcohol consumption, poor diet, physical inactivity, and exposure to carcinogens.

Question 4

What is the pathophysiology of cancer?

Answer 4

Cancer involves uncontrolled cell growth and division due to genetic mutations, leading to tumor formation and potential metastasis.

Question 5

What are common comorbidities with cancer?

Answer 5

Anemia, depression, cachexia, and infections.

Question 6

What are markers of health/normative values for cancer?

Answer 6

Tumor markers (e.g., PSA for prostate cancer), complete blood count (CBC), and imaging results (e.g., MRI, CT scans).

Question 7

What are PA/exercise options for individuals with cancer?

Answer 7

Low to moderate-intensity aerobic exercises like walking and cycling, strength training, and flexibility exercises.

Question 8

How would you construct a PA/exercise program for individuals with cancer?

Answer 8

Assess current fitness level, tailor the program to the individual’s needs and treatment stage, focus on improving strength, endurance, and quality of life. Monitor for fatigue and other side effects.

Question 9

How can you work with other professions to help manage cancer?

Answer 9

Work with oncologists, physiotherapists, dietitians, and mental health professionals to support holistic patient care. Ensure integrated and coordinated care plans.

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Question 10

Q: What are contraindications to exercise in individuals with cancer?
A:

Answer 10

Severe anemia, bone metastasis, immunosuppression, and extreme fatigue