Cancer

Question 1

do normal cells exhibit contact inhibition

Answer 1

yes but cancer cells do not

Question 2

when cells become cancerous, they lose

Answer 2

contact inhibition and continue growing despite the lack of space

Question 3

what generally does not metastasize

Answer 3

benign tumors

Question 4

do benign or malignant tumors have a better prognosis

Answer 4

benign

Question 5

what is the genetic paradigm of cancer

Answer 5

caused by external factors, abnormal chromosomes, viruses, inherited, genetic mutations

Question 6

mutation

Answer 6

a change in an organism’s DNA

Question 7

mutagen

Answer 7

anything that increases the occurrence of mutations

Question 8

what external factors cause cancer

Answer 8

vinyl chloride, benzene, arsenic, asbestos, radium

Question 9

cancer can be caused by abnormal chromosomes which is called

Answer 9

Philadelphia chromosome

Question 10

The Philadelphia chromosome results from

Answer 10

reciprocal translocation between two chromosomes; 9 and 22

Question 11

the Philadelphia chromosome creates a

Answer 11

BCR-ABL fusion gene

Question 12

BCR-ABL is what kind of gene

Answer 12

proto-oncogene

Question 13

what do proto-oncogenes do

Answer 13

active kinase promoting cell proliferation and repressing apoptosis

Question 14

cancer is a result of genetic

Answer 14

mutations

Question 15

what is often dysregulated in cancers

Answer 15

myc

Question 16

myc expression is often highly

Answer 16

regulated normally

Question 17

what wreaks havoc on cell signaling and proliferation

Answer 17

ras

Question 18

are single point mutations in Ras are common in many human cancers

Answer 18

yes

Question 19

is ras or myc more detrimental

Answer 19

ras

Question 20

is one mutation of a tumor suppressor gene enough to cause cancer

Answer 20

no, the remaining copy must also become mutated

Question 21

what is the master regulator of the cell cycle

Answer 21

p53

Question 22

overactivity mutation or gain of function is a

Answer 22

stuck gas pedal or oncogene

Question 23

underactivity or loss of function means

Answer 23

no brakes

Question 24

is escaping from parent tissue easy or difficult

Answer 24

difficult

Question 25

traveling through circulation easy or difficult

Answer 25

easy

Question 26

colonization of remote site easy or difficult

Answer 26

difficult

Question 27

what is gleevec

Answer 27

a treatment for cml

Question 28

how does gleevec work

Answer 28

binds to the ongogenic kinase and blocks kinase activity

Question 29

when using MAPK anti-cancer drugs you must know

Answer 29

which protein has been mutated