Cancer Flashcards
do normal cells exhibit contact inhibition
yes but cancer cells do not
when cells become cancerous, they lose
contact inhibition and continue growing despite the lack of space
what generally does not metastasize
benign tumors
do benign or malignant tumors have a better prognosis
benign
what is the genetic paradigm of cancer
caused by external factors, abnormal chromosomes, viruses, inherited, genetic mutations
mutation
a change in an organism’s DNA
mutagen
anything that increases the occurrence of mutations
what external factors cause cancer
vinyl chloride, benzene, arsenic, asbestos, radium
cancer can be caused by abnormal chromosomes which is called
Philadelphia chromosome
The Philadelphia chromosome results from
reciprocal translocation between two chromosomes; 9 and 22
the Philadelphia chromosome creates a
BCR-ABL fusion gene
BCR-ABL is what kind of gene
proto-oncogene
what do proto-oncogenes do
active kinase promoting cell proliferation and repressing apoptosis
cancer is a result of genetic
mutations
what is often dysregulated in cancers
myc
myc expression is often highly
regulated normally
what wreaks havoc on cell signaling and proliferation
ras
are single point mutations in Ras are common in many human cancers
yes
is ras or myc more detrimental
ras
is one mutation of a tumor suppressor gene enough to cause cancer
no, the remaining copy must also become mutated
what is the master regulator of the cell cycle
p53
overactivity mutation or gain of function is a
stuck gas pedal or oncogene
underactivity or loss of function means
no brakes
is escaping from parent tissue easy or difficult
difficult
traveling through circulation easy or difficult
easy
colonization of remote site easy or difficult
difficult
what is gleevec
a treatment for cml
how does gleevec work
binds to the ongogenic kinase and blocks kinase activity
when using MAPK anti-cancer drugs you must know
which protein has been mutated
