canadas healthcare system Flashcards
what is the BNA act?
british north america act, was later called the constitution
what did the BNA act do?
separated the provincial and federal areas of law, giving more power to the provinces (ex: healthcare)
what were the federal responsibilities under the BNA act?
indigenous health, contagious diseases, pharm and food safety
what is Pharmaceutical and Food Safety called now?
Health Canada
what were the provincial responsibilities under the BNA act?
public health, hospitals, mental health facilities, health education
what was the insanity act? what is it called now?
rights involving mental health facilities, now called the Mental Health Act
what is the Islamic root of asylums?
a retreat from society, valued early intervnetion
how did european asylums differ from islamic asylums?
europeans adopted the idea and put their own religious twist on them, they were built on demonic possession and sin
who cared for those with mental health struggles?
family, those who had no family were institutionalized
what was the first mental health hospital?
in London England, Bethlehem Royal Hospital
who was Philippe Pinel? what did he do?
began more humane treatment of mental health (removing chains), began social and psychological approaches, began moral therapy
why did moral therapy lack success?
because hospitals were overcrowded and pts needs were not being met
who is Dorthea Dix? what did she do?
an advocate for humane treatment for patients, met with the pope, infiltrated change in mental health facilities
what kind of radical mental health therapies emerged?
leeching, spinning, ETC (electroconvulsive shock therapy), hydrotherapy, insulin shock treatment, lobotomies
what was the effect of a lobotomy?
flat expression, not much going on, the frontal lobe was severed… unable to complete basic life needs
what was the effect of ETC? what is it used to treat today?
memory loss, and sleeping for days on end
much smaller amount is used to treat depression today
what changes occurred in the 1950s in mental health hospitals?
the use of psychotropic drugs
what did the use of psychotropic drugs lead to?
deinstitutionalization
what did deinstitutionalization lead to?
a decrease in pts in the hospital, a shift to a more humane way of treating pts that was less expensive and community based
why was deinstitutionalization not as successful as it was thought?
because there was a limited amount of resources, led to social isolation, stigmatization, and exclusion from the workforce, poverty
what did healthcare look like for the upper class?
at home dr visits, avoided hospitals
what did healthcare look like for the lower class?
religious organizations/charities funded, but visited hospitals, family provided care
what did the Order of St John do? what is the name of the organization now?
first aid and disaster relief, now known as St Johns Ambulance
what did the Canadian Red Cross do?
home care, outpost hospitals
