Canada's History Part Flashcards
Who came from Iceland to the eastern part of Canada 1000 years ago?
The Vikings.
Who was the first person to draw a map of Canada’s east coast?
John Cabot.
European exploration began in earnest in 1497 with the expedition of John Cabot, who was the first to draw a map of Canada’s East Coast.
Who made three voyages across the Atlantic Ocean between 1534 and 1542 to claim the land of Canada for the King of France?
Jacques Cartier.
Where does the name Canada come from?
The name “Canada” comes from the word, “Kanata”, which is the Huron-Iroquois word for village.
What did King Charles II of England decide in 1670?
He decided that the Hudson’s Bay Company was allowed to look for fur in all of the land that had water flowing into the Hudson Bay.
Who were the voyageurs, or coureurs des bois?
Men from Montreal who traveled by canoe and carried trade goods and supplies to exchange for furs.
Which Aboriginal group was (historically) the enemy of the Algonquin, Montagnais and Huron?
The Iroquois.
Who was defeated during the battle of the Plains of Abraham?
The French.
Who was a great hero of New France?
Pierre Le Moyne; he fought against the British and won many battles.
What was the name of Quebec before 1759?
New France.
Who were the Loyalists (United Empire Loyalists)?
United Empire Loyalists were settlers who came from the United States during and after the American Revolution.
How many black Loyalists came north to live in Canada?
About 3,000 black Loyalists, freedmen and slaves came north seeking a better life.
Which city in Africa was started in 1792 when some black Nova Scotians left Canada?
Freetown, in Sierra Leone.
When was the first elected representative assembly? The Beginnings of Democracy
The first representative assembly was elected in Halifax, Nova Scotia, in 1758.
What province did Upper Canada become? Was it Protestant or Catholic?
What province did Lower Canada become? Was it Protestant or Catholic?
The Constitutional Act of 1791 divided the Province of Quebec into Upper Canada (later Ontario), which was mainly Loyalist, Protestant and English-speaking, and Lower Canada (later Quebec), heavily Catholic and French-speaking.
What did The Constitutional Act of 1791 grant to the Canadas?
For the first time, legislative assemblies elected by the people.
What was the name for the provinces of Upper Canada, Lower Canada and the Atlantic colonies?
British North America.
When was the abolition of slavery?
In 1793, Upper Canada, led by Lieutenant Governor John Graves Simcoe, a Loyalist military officer, became the first province in the Empire to move toward abolition.
In 1807, the British Parliament prohibited the buying and selling of
slaves, and in 1833 abolished slavery throughout the Empire.
When did the Montreal stock exchange open?
The first financial institutions opened in the late 18th and early 19th centuries. The Montreal Stock Exchange opened in 1832. For centuries
Canada’s economy was based mainly on farming and on exporting natural resources such as fur, fish and timber, transported by roads, lakes, rivers and canals.
Who helped Upper Canada make the decision to stop slavery in 1793?
Lieutenant Governor John Graves Simcoe.
What was the Underground Railroad?
The way of escape that thousands of slaves used as they escaped from the United States (where slavery was legal) to Canada.
What did Mary Ann (Shadd) Carey want to do?
She wanted to end slavery in the United States.
What did the United States do in June 1812?
The War of 1812: The Fight for Canada.
After the defeat of Napoleon Bonaparte’s fleet in the Battle of Trafalgar (1805), the Royal Navy ruled the
waves. The British Empire, which included Canada, fought to resist Bonaparte’s bid to dominate Europe.
This led to American resentment at British interference with their shipping. Believing it would be easy to
conquer Canada, the United States launched an invasion in June 1812. The Americans were mistaken.
Canadian volunteers and First Nations, including Shawnee led by Chief Tecumseh, supported British
soldiers in Canada’s defence. In July, Major-General Sir Isaac Brock captured Detroit but was killed while
defending against an American attack at Queenston Heights, near Niagara Falls, a battle the Americans
lost
Who was Chief Tecumseh?
Chief Tecumseh was an Aboriginal person who helped to defend Canada when Canada was fighting against the United States.
What city did Major-General Sir Isaac Brock capture?
Detroit
Who helped to begin (found) Canada’s national capital?
The Duke of Wellington
sent some of his best
soldiers to defend
Canada in 1814.
When did the The War of 1812: The Fight for Canada end?
The war ended in 1814.
Who were people in the rebellions fighting against?
Rebellions of 1837-38
The British colonial government.
In the 1830s, reformers in Upper and Lower
Canada believed that progress toward full
democracy was too slow. Some believed Canada
should adopt American republican values or
even try to join the United States. When armed
rebellions occurred in 1837–38 in the area
outside Montreal and in Toronto, the rebels did
not have enough public support to succeed
Who won the rebellions, the rebels or the British?
The rebels were defeated by British troops and Canadian
volunteers.
Responsible government
In 1840, Upper and Lower Canada were united
as the Province of Canada. Reformers such
as Sir Louis-Hippolyte La Fontaine and Robert
Baldwin, worked with British governors toward
responsible government.
What did Lord Durham want the French Catholic Christians to do?
He wanted the Catholic French Christians to change to have the same culture as the Protestant English Christians.
Confederation
From 1864 to 1867, representatives of Nova
Scotia, New Brunswick and the Province of
Canada, with British support, worked together to
establish a new country. These men are known
as the Fathers of Confederation.
They created two
levels of government: federal and provincial. The
old Province of Canada was split into two new
provinces: Ontario and Quebec, which, together
with New Brunswick and Nova Scotia, formed the
new country called the Dominion of Canada. Each
province would elect its own legislature and have
control of such areas as education and health.
Who was Sir Louis-Hippolyte La Fontaine?
He was the first leader of a responsible government in Canada in 1849.
Which province was the first British North American colony to attain fully responsible government in 1847-48?
Nova Scotia.
