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CMS Advanced Somm New > Canada and UK > Flashcards

Canada and UK Flashcards

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Introductory Sommelier Exam (CMS) flashcards
1
Q

When commercially Vinifera Vines got planted in Canada?

A

In 1970s

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2
Q

What was the most planted grape in Canada in the 70s?

A

De Chaunac, Baco Noir, Rosette, and Maréchal Foch a French-american hybrid

*Albert Seibel (De Chaunac)

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3
Q

How many wineries were operating in Canada in 1974?

What was the reason for that?

A

6 wineries

Until 1974 there was a moratorium on wine license

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4
Q

In which year was Inniskilin founded? Where?

A

1974 in Niagara on the Lake

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5
Q

In which year VQA was approved in Ontario?

When was approved in British Columbia?

A

1988 in Ontario

1990 in British Columbia

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6
Q

What VQA stands for?

A

Vintners Quality Alliance

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7
Q

What’s the only hybrid allowed in Canada for the production of ice-wine?

A

Vidal

*Inniskillin produced their most noteworthy wines from European grapes like Riesling and Cabernet Franc.

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8
Q

It’s VQA legally enforced in Ontario or British Columbia?

A

It is legally enforced in Ontario,

but it’s voluntary in British Columbia (approved bottlings will always carry the stylized VQA logo)

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9
Q

What is the min percentage of grape originated from the stated province?

A

100%`

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10
Q

What is the min percentage of grape originated from the appellation?

A
  • 95% British Columbia

- 85% Ontario / (100%) for Ontario sub-appellation

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11
Q

What’s the percentage for vintage and for varietal?

A

*BC or Ontario it must state vintage (except for sparkling)

  • 85% from that year
  • 85% from stated varietal
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12
Q

It’s Chaptalisation allowed?

A

Yes, it is not allowed for Late harvest and ice wine

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13
Q

Which Canadian provinces make wine? W to E

A

British Columbia, Ontario, Quebec, Nova Scotia

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14
Q

What’s the capital of British Columbia?

A

Vancouver

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15
Q

What Border in the south with British Columbia?

A

US, Washington State

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16
Q

Where is the Hudson Bay?

A

In the North east of Canada

In the west of Quebec, north of Ontario

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17
Q

Name the three Viticultural Areas of Ontario

A

Prince Edward County
Niagara Peninsula
Lake Erie North Shore

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18
Q

Which percentage of the wine production of Canada comes from Ontario and British Columbia?

A

98%

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19
Q

What is the Canada Production if compared to the US one?

A

2%

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20
Q

Where is the Nova Scotia province?

A

It’s an Island facing Quebec on the east of Canada, in the Atlantic Ocean

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21
Q

Min ageing for sparkling wine in Canada?

A

Charmat or Traditional method

  • lees : 9 m or 12m (if vintage dated)
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22
Q

Name 3 of the 5 main lakes in the south Of Ontario

A 
Lake Superiore
Lake Michigan
Lake Huron
Lake Erie
Lake Ontario
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23
Q

What’s the largest wine province in Canada?

A

Ontario

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24
Q

Where are the three viticultural ares in Ontario?

What’s the latitude?

A

The three are all in the south, near the lakes

The regions are all within 41 and 44 latitude

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25
Q

Which varieties are planted the most in Ontario?

A

Riesling, Chardonnay, CF, PN

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26
Q

Icewine:
When the intent to make must be declared?
At which temperature harvest has to occur?

A

Intent must be declared to the VQA in November

harvest is at night at -8 degree min

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27
Q

Is any non-vinifera allowed for the production of ice wine?

A

Vidal

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28
Q

Is cryoextraction allowed in the production of ice wine in Canada?

A

no, as other artificial concentration method

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29
Q

What’s the min residual sugar for ice wine?

A

Min RS is 100 g

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30
Q

What was the min RS before 2014?

A

it was 125 g/l

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31
Q

Can you name the 3 Ontario GIs north to south?

A

Prince Edward County
Niagara Peninsula,
Lake Erie North Shore

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32
Q

What’s the climate in the Ontario GIs?

A

It’s a cool continental climate, mitigate by the lakes

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33
Q

Which grapes are the most planted in the Prince Edward County?

A

PN, CH, Gamay

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34
Q

Which natural features mitigate the climate in the Prince Edward County?

A

bay of Quinte and Lake Ontario

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35
Q

What’s the soil in Prince Edward County?

A

Clay to sand over Trenton Limestone

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36
Q

Which grapes are planted in the Lake Erie North Shore?

A

Predominantly red grapes.

Merlot, CF, CS

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37
Q

Does Lake Erie North Shore has any sub app?

A
  • South Islands

It does contain 9 Islands including Pelee Island

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38
Q

What is Pelee Island?

A

It used to be a Gi of Ontario but it was unregulated in 2013. It is now a sub appellation included in the South Island sub app of Lake Erie North Shore

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39
Q

Where is the Niagara Peninsula?

A

It’s just North east of Toronto, with the Lake Ontario on the east

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40
Q

Which are the Regional appellations of Niagara Peninsula?

Which one is on the east?

A

Niagara Escarpment is the westernmost,

Niagara on the Lake

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41
Q

Name the sub app of Niagara on the lake

N to south and the easternmost at the end

A 
Niagara on the lake is on the east of the Niagara Peninsula with 4 sub app within:
N lakeshore, 
Four mile creek, 
St David's Bench
and Niagara River on the east
42
Q

Name the sub appellations of Niagara Escarpment West to east

Where are they located ?

A

Niagara Escarpement is on the west of the Niagara Peninsula.
The 3 sub appellations are located just in the middle part, with the other regional sub appellation in the north and in the south
W to E are Beamsville Bench, Twenty mile Bench, Short Hills Bench

43
Q

Name the regional sub-appellations of Niagara Peninsula?

A

3:

Vinemount Ridge
Creek Shores
Lincoln Lakeshore

44
Q

What are the main grapes planted in the Niagara Peninsula?

A

Riesling, Chardonnay, Pinot noir, Gamay, CF

45
Q

What is the region internationally acclaimed for?

A

Icewine

46
Q

When did Inniskilin made its first Icewine? Which grape was used?

A

In 1984.

Vidal was the main grape

47
Q

In which year the Inniskilin ice wine received a critical acclaim?

A

1991

Inniskilin ice wine won a trophy at the vinexpo

48
Q

Where is British Columbia?

A

BC is located in the western part of Canada

49
Q

What’s the capital of British Columbia?

A

Vancouver

50
Q

When did winemaking start in British Columbia?

A

in 1859, French Catholic Missionary established the first winery

51
Q

What is the BCWA? In which year was created?

A

BCWA is the British Columbia wine Authority

It was created in 1990

52
Q

What are the government requirement in British Columbia to allow a winery to sell to consumers?

A

The government requires a winery to own at least 4 acres of land and a dedicated winemaking facility before it can sell to consumers

53
Q

Name the 9 designated viticultural areas in British Columbia

A
  • British Columbia GI
  • Fraser Valley GI
  • Gulf Islands GI
  • Kootenays GI (est 2018)
  • Lillooet GI (est 2018)
  • Okanagan Valley GI
  • Similkameen Valley GI
  • Thomson Valley GI (est 2018)
  • Vancouver Island GI
    Cowichan Valley GI (est. 2020)
54
Q

At which latitude Okanagan Valley sits?

A

One of the Northernmost wine region at 49 parallel

55
Q

What percentage of British Columbia wine originates from Okanagan Valley?

A

84%

56
Q

If you could describe Okanagan Valley, how would you?

A

It’s a narrow valley between Cascade Mountains and Monashee Mountains.
Wine regions are bordering the lakes.

57
Q

What’s the climate in the Okanagan Valley?

A

It’s a continental climate mitigated by the lakes. The main lake is Lake Okanagan.

58
Q

What’s the main climate hazard for viticulture?

A

The extremely cold winters

59
Q

What’s mostly planted in Okanagan Valley?

A

1/2 white and 1/2 red
PG, CH, PB
PN, Merlot

60
Q

What’s the soil of Okanagan Valley?

A

It’s a sandy loam

61
Q

Name the subzones of Okanagan Valley

A

Golden Mile GI (est. 2014)
Okanagan Falls GI (est 2018)
Naramata Bench (est 2019)
Skaha Bench (est 2019)

62
Q

What’s mostly planted in Similkameen Valley?

A

Mostly Bordeaux varietals and CH

63
Q

What’s mostly produced in Nova Scotia?

A

White Wine only

Riesling, Pinot Blanc, Chasselas

64
Q

How many regions in Quebec ?

A 
5 
Eastern Townships
Montérégie
Ouest-du-Québec
Centre-du-Québec
Est-du-Québec
65
Q

What is the Escarpment in the Niagara Escarpment?

A

It’s a 650 miles long limestone ridge

It creates air-circulation which extends growing seasons

66
Q

What is the Vin de curé?

A

Official wine category in Canada for a sweet wine that are similar Strohwein. It must be produced from naturally dried grapes (for example by spreading on straw mats). The minimum must weight must be 32 ° Brix.

67
Q

Who brought the winemaking in the UK?

A

Romans

68
Q

What was “British Wine” ?

A

It was a sweet fortified Port or Sherry style made from imported grapes (table wine)

69
Q

Who is Ray Brock? What he is recognised for?

A

He was responsible for setting up the Oxted Research Institute at his own expense. (in Surrey)
The Nursery had 600 vine varieties

70
Q

What is Hambledon Winery recognised for?

A

It’s UK first winery. East in 1952 in Hampshire

71
Q

What are the Official wine regions ?

A 
East Anglia (Norfolk and Suffolk)
Surrey.
Kent.
Sussex.
Hampshire.
South West (Wiltshire, Dorset, Somerset, Devon, Cornwall)
72
Q

Is Chaptalisation allowed in Uk wines?

A

Yes, up to 3% (3.5% in abnormal years)

73
Q

At which latitude are the UK wine regions located?

A
  1. 5

However Vineyards even in Yorkshire

74
Q

What’s the majority of the production in the Uk wine industry?

A

65% of the wine production is focused on SPK

75
Q

What are the issues and the main diseases?

A

A common issue is the ripeness

A common disease is Rot

76
Q

Which climatic feature influences the UK climate?

A

The Gulf Stream

77
Q

What’s the climate in the Uk Southern Wine Regions?

What’s the main issue from that? Which recent vintage has been particularly affected?

A

It’s a Maritime climate.
It is characterised by high volume of summer rainfall.
It can disrupt flowering.
2012 vintage dropped by 2/3

78
Q

Where are the majority of the vineyards and winery located in the UK?

A

80% in the South-east

12% in the East Anglia

79
Q

At which altitude are the majority of the vineyards located?

A

Less than 100 mt

80
Q

Where is Wales?

A

It’s in the West

81
Q

What are the appellations category for UK wine?

A

PDO -> Quality Wines
PGI -> Regional Wines

  • PDO and PGI wines must have a full post bottling analysis and pass a tasting panel (or win an award at a recognized competition). These are established via the UK Vineyards Association (UKVA) and the UK Government’s Department for Environment Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA).[23]
82
Q

Which grape was planted in the first winery in the UK?

A

In the Hambledon Vineyard in the Hampshire, Seyval Blanc was the grape that was planted in the 50s.
The vineyard has been replanted.

83
Q

What’s the most planted varietal in the east Anglia?

A

Bacchus

84
Q

What’s the Bacchus parentage?

A

crossing of Silvaner x Riesling with Müller-Thurgau

85
Q

What’s the soil in Sussex?

A

South Downs

Range of Chalk hill

86
Q

What’s most planted in Sussex?

A

Bacchus (for still wine)

CH, PN, PM for SPK

87
Q

Name an important producer of Sussex?

A

Nyetimber

88
Q

Where are the White Cliffs of Dover?

A

In Kent

89
Q

What’s the soil in Kent?

A

Some South Downs (chalk)

Chalk and limestone

90
Q

What’s mostly planted in Kent?

A

Ch, Pn,

Bacchus and Ortega

91
Q

Which Champagne producer purchased vineyards in Kent in 2015?

A

Taittinger

92
Q

What’s the soil profile of Surrey?

A

It’s a chalky soil from ancient marine fossils

93
Q

Which iconic UK producer has a partnership in Surrey with Pommery?

A

`Hattingley Valley

94
Q

What is Darnibole PDO?

What’s for?

A

It’s Uk first PDO. Approved in 2017

It’s a single vineyard monopole of Camel Valley Vineyard for 100% Bacchus

95
Q

What’s the soil of Darnibole PDO?

A

Devonian Slate marked by sandy-alluvial soils deposited by an old path of the Camel River.

96
Q

Where is the Adgestone Vineyard?

A

In the Isle of Wight

97
Q

Main white and red grape varieties?

A
  • W: Seyval blanc was the most grown variety, with Reichensteiner next, with Müller-Thurgau and then Bacchus, Chardonnay, Madeleine Angevine, Schönburger, Huxelrebe and Ortega
  • R: Dornfelder, Pinot Meunier, Pinot noir, Rondo
98
Q

UK main producers?

A
  • Nytimber (Kent)
  • Gusbourne (Kent)
  • Ridgeview Estate (Sussex)
  • Davenport (Kent)
  • Camel Valley (Cornwall)
  • Denbies (Surrey)
99
Q

Who is the largest English wine producer?

A

Nytimber

171 ha

100
Q

Authorised grapes in Uk for sparkling wine?

A

Sparkling Wine: Pinot Noir, Chardonnay, Pinot Noir Précoce, Meunier, Pinot Blanc, Pinot Gris

CMS Advanced Somm New (13 decks)

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