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CAMs and Junctional Complexes Flashcards

0
Q

How does type IV collagen differ from type I?

A

Does not form fibrils

Produced by the epithelial tissue, unlike type I which is secreted by fibroblasts

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1
Q

Major component of the basal lamina, three chains (alpha, beta, gamma), has binding sites for (integrins, type IV collagen, entactin, and heparin sulfate-proteogylcans)

A

LaminIN

Not to be confused with laminA

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2
Q

Fibronectin is made up of what?

A

Two polypeptide chains cross linked by disulfide bonds

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3
Q

What are the two forms of fibronectin and what can you tell me about them?

A

Cellular fibronectin- produced by fibroblasts and apart of the extra cellular matrix

Plasma- secreted into the bloodstream and produced by hepatocytes

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4
Q

The four binding sites for fibronectin are?

A

Fibrin, heparin, collagen, integrin

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5
Q

CAMs can be divided into two groups….

A

Calcium dependent and calcium INdependent

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6
Q

Calcium dependent CAMs can be further divided into two more groups…

A

Please welcome the Cadherins and the Selectins!!!

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7
Q

Calcium independent CAMs also have two subgroups

A

You might have heard of the famous integrins and the immunoglobulin superfamily!!

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8
Q

Cadherins can be even further subdivided into two more categories. Wtf are they?

A

The very classy and the non classy. For real. Talk about socioeconomic norms

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9
Q

Those classy Cadherins typically form what kind of dimers?

A

Cis- and trans- homophilic. Ha! Homo. Lol

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10
Q

The classy Cadherins have three distinct types. They are?

A

E- epithelial (associated with tumor cell metastasis)

N-nervous system

P-placenta

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11
Q

The non classy Cadherins can be found loitering around where and they include these two hooligans…

A

Found in the desmosomes (macula adheren) and includes the desmocollins and desmogleins

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12
Q

E Cadherin has four extra cellular domains for which ions and they form what kind of dimers?

A

Calcium ions. Cis- homophilic dimers

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13
Q

The HVA sequences facilitates what kind of E Cadherin dimers?

A

Trans homophilic

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14
Q

Small proteins that link the cytoplasmic end of Cadherin to cytoplasmic actin

A

Catenins!

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15
Q

Catenin has three forms. Give them to me now!

A

Beta and gamma plakoglobin

Alpha catenin

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16
Q

They serve as the major interface between the Cadherins that hold the adjacent cells together and he actin cytoskeleton a of those cells

A

Catenins

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17
Q

Binds directly to cytoplasmic actin

A

Alpha catenin

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18
Q

T/F beta catenin serves as a transcription cofactor

A

True

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19
Q

Selectins bind to what making them apart of the lectins group.

A

Carbohydrates

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20
Q

This binding site for carbohydrates is located at the extra cellular end of the selectin?

A

carbohydrate recognition domain (CRD)

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21
Q

What’s required in order for selectin to bind to the CRD?

A

Calcium

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22
Q

What are the three classes of Selectins

A

P-platelets

E-activated endothelial cells

L-leukocytes

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23
Q

Integrins bind to two things…

A

EC matrix and cytoskeleton

24
The two EC domain molecules that integrin binds to...
Laminin and fibronectin
25
Integrin binds to this sequence in fibronectin and laminin
RGD (Arginine-Arg, Glycine-Gly, and Aspartic acid-Asp)
26
What are the three connecting proteins integrin is associated with?
Talin, vinculin, and alpha actinin.
27
What's the role of integrin in hemidesmosomes?
To link the basal domain of cells, via intermediate filaments such as keratin, to the EC matrix.
28
Who are the elite members of the Ig superfamily?
N-cam and I-cam 1 & 2
29
These are neural adhesion molecules that mediate homo loving and hetero loving interactions.
N-Cam. Probably for the best.
30
Tell me what the I-CAMs do!
Facilitates the transendothelial migration of leukocytes (our white blood cell friends)
31
The three wise junctional complexes are?
Adherens (anchoring) Occludens (tight) Gap junctions (communicating)
32
What do adherens do and where can they be found?
They anchor cells together and reinforce the physical integrity of the cell and the tissues they make up. Found on the basolateral surfaces of epithelial cells. (In between the cells)
33
Establishes an impermeable barrier between adjacent cells that prevents para cellular transport and maintains concentration differences.
Occludens-tight junctions
34
Gap junctions can be found in where?
Cardiac and neuronal cells
35
What's the purpose of a gap junction anyways? Do they need braces?
To rapidly exchange ions and small molecules to coordinate cell activities. And they like their gap
36
I'm of the Adheren or Occludens variety.
Zonula
37
Referred to as "belt like" complexes, they are also associated with intracellular actin.
Zonula (Adheren or Occludens)
38
Maculas are of the adherens variety only but they go by two other names.
Desmosomes and hemidesmosomes
39
Maculas are very spotty and they like to associate themselves with these "filas"
Intracellular Intermediate filaments (tonofilaments) such as keratin
40
Pemhigus foliaceus is an autoimmune blistering disease above the stratum spinosum layer in the epidermis. Loss of this Cadherin protein is the cause...
Desmoglein 1
41
Adherens are anchoring junctions characterized by intracellular spaces filled with what?
Desmoglein and desmocollins
42
What are the Anchoring junctions that anchor the basal domain of the epithelial cell to the basal lamina
Hemidesmosomes
43
The hemidesmosome plaque is anchored to the basal lamina on the outer membrane by two things...they are?
Laminin 5 (anchoring filaments) and integrin alpha6beta4
44
A pair of transmembrane proteins that are responsible for the occlusive properties of the tight junction
Claudins and Occludins
45
Claudins and Occludins attach intracellularly to which type of zonula Occluden proteins?
ZO-2 & ZO-3
46
Zonula Occludens have a couple more transmembrane proteins of the fruity kind. What are they and how are they stabilized?
JAMs (junctional adhesion molecules) and Nectin are immunoglobulin loops stabilized by Disulfide bonds
47
Afadin-Nectin complex is anchored to ZO-1 forming what? The interaction of them forms this.
Cis-homo dimers interact with each other to form trans-homo dimers through the extracellular region.
48
JAMs are associated intracellularly with?
Afadin and ZO-1
49
How are focal adhesions different than hemidesmosomes?
The intracellular attachment is NOT to tonofilaments such as keratin but to ACTIN filaments via connecting proteins.
50
T/F Focal adhesions are integrins.
True
51
Gap junctions as composed of?...
Connexons
52
Connexons are made up of?
6 connexins forming a hexagonal structure with a hollow center.
53
What are Clusters of intracellular channels that allow direct passage of small signaling molecules between adjacent cells to coordinate cell responses.
Gap junctions
54
Do gap junctions open or close in high concentration of calcium ions?
They Close
55
This disease Mutation in connexin 32 results in progressive degeneration of peripheral nerves characterized by distal muscle weakness, atrophy, and impairment of deep tendon reflexes.
Charcot Marie tooth demyelination neuropathy
56
Mutation in connexin 50 is associated with?...
Congenital cataracts, leading to blindness.
57
Highly expressed in the cochlea, mutations in Cx26 results in?...
Deafness

Cell Bio And Histology (17 decks)

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