CAMHS Flashcards
What is Autism Spectrum Disorder?
range of disorders where there is a deficit in social interaction, communication and flexible behaviour
Features of ASD?
usually observable before the age of 3
social:
lack of eye contact
delay in smiling
avoids physical contact
unable to read non-verbal cues
difficulty establishing friendships
not displaying a desire to share attention
communication:
delay, absence or regression in language development
lack of appropriate non-verbal communication
difficulty with imaginative behaviour
repetitive use of words or phrases
behaviour:
greater interest in things than people
stereotypical repetitive movements (self-stimulating)
intensive and deep interests
repetitive behaviour and fixed routines
anxiety and distress outside of normal routine
extremely restricted food preference
Management of ASD?
MDT approach essential
refer to CAMHS
SALT
dietician
paediatrician
social workers
education
What is ADHD?
attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
characterised by impulsivity, hyperactivity and inattention inappropriate for developmental level
must be present in more than one environment
Features of ADHD?
very short attention span
quickly moving from one activity to another
quickly losing interest in tasks
not persisting with challenging tasks
constantly moving or fidgeting
impulsive behaviour
disruptive or rule breaking
Mx of ADHD?
coordinated by ADHD specialist
parent education essential
healthy diet and exercise
medication:
CNS stimulants
methylphenidate (growth!)
dexamphetamine
atomoxetine
Features of anorexia nervosa?
excessive weight loss
amenorrhoea
lanugo hair
hypokalaemia
hypotension
hypothermia
changes in mood, anxiety, depression
solitude
cardiac complications
Features of bulimia nervosa?
metabolic alkalosis
hypokalaemia
teeth erosion
swollen salivary glands
mouth ulcers
GORD
callouses on knuckles (Russel’s sign)
Mx of eating disorders?
self-help resources
counselling
CBT
SSRIs
severe cases - admission and refeeding
What is refeeding syndrome?
occurs in people who have been in a severe nutritional deficit for an extended period of time when they begin to eat again
causes hypokalaemia, hypomagnesaemia, hypophosphatemia as the starved cells use these up
at risk of cardiac arrhythmias, heart failure and fluid overload
Avoiding refeeding syndrome?
slowly reintroducing food with restricted calories
monitoring mg, phos, K, glucose
fluid balance monitoring
ECG
supplementation with electrolytes and vitamins, particularly vit B
