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therio final > Camelids > Flashcards

Camelids Flashcards

1
Q

Breeding strategies in camels

A 
Field breeding (rotary system)
AI
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2
Q

Induction of ovulation

A

Vasectomized male
GnRH
hCG
Seminal plasma injection

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3
Q

When to AI?

A

Before ovulation (24 hrs after induction of ovulation)

After ovulation (within 2 hours)

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4
Q

Types of AI

A 
transcervical intrauterine AI (in both horns(
Laparoscopic AI (in horn ipsilateral to follicle)
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5
Q

What horn is usually where pregnancy occurs?

A

Left

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6
Q

How long is gestation?

A

335-360 days

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7
Q

What maintaines pregnancy to term?

A

Progesterone/CL

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8
Q

Type of placenta

A

Epitheliochorial
Diffuse
Microcotyledonary
non-deciduate

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9
Q

Indirect methods of preg diagnosis

A

Behavioral refusal

Progesterone (>1ng/ml)

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10
Q

Direct methods of preg diagnosis

A 
Rectal palpation (35 days after breeding)
Ultrasound (transrectal -12 days after breeding, transabdominal - 60-90 days)
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11
Q

How to terminate pregnancy

A

Prostaglandins (Cloprosterol, dinoprost)

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12
Q

Developmental abnormalities causing infertility

A

Segmental aplasia
Double cervix
Double uterus
Persisten hymen

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13
Q

Ovarian abnormalities causing infertility

A

Hypoplasia
Cystic follicles
Hemorrhagic follicles
Neoplasia

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14
Q

Uterine abnormalities causing infertility

A

Bacterial endometritis
Metritis
Uterine scarring (fibrosis)
Cystic glandular distension

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15
Q

Diagnosing female infertility

A 
History
Exam external genitalia
Transrectal ultrasound
Vaginal exam
Uterine culture/biopsy
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16
Q

Most commonly isolated organisms causing infertility

A 
Strep
E. coli
Staph
Bacillus
Bacteroides
Fusobacterium nephorum
17
Q

Testicular abnormalities causing infertility

A 
Hypoplasia
Degeneration
Cryptorchidism
Orchitis
Hydrocele
Neoplasia
18
Q

Penile abnormalities causing infertility

A 
Prepucial stricture
Persisten frenulum
Corkscrew penis
Penile deviation
Balanitis, posthitis
19
Q

Embryonic and fetal loss

A

<90 days

20
Q

Non-infectious causes of fetal loss

A

twins
nutrition
pine needles
stress

21
Q

Infectious causes of fetal loss

A 
Lepto
Chlamydiosis
Neoporosis
Toxoplasmosis
Listeriosis
A. pyogenes

Ascending placentits

22
Q

Periparturient problems

A

Uterine torsion (after 9th month gestation)
Dystocia
RFM

23
Q

Most common cause of dystocia

A

lateral flexion of head

24
Q

Uterine torsion

A

Dystocia
Diagnosed by vag speculum exam
Roll female or surgically correct

therio final (6 decks)

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