Calculations I

Question 1

What are the different ways drugs can be measured?

Answer 1

• Weight (grams, milligrams, micrograms, nanograms)
• Liquid volumes (liters, milliliters)
• Percentage strengths
• Concentrations of a given amount of drug in a given volume of liquid
• Concentrations using milliequivalents per liter

Question 2

What is the conversion of tsp to mL?

Answer 2

1 tsp = 5 mL

Question 3

What is the conversion from tbsp to mL?

Answer 3

1 tbsp = 15 mL

Question 4

What is the conversion from fl oz to mL?

Answer 4

1 fl oz = 30 mL (approx) or 29.57 (actual)

Question 5

What is the conversion from cup to oz and mL?

Answer 5

1 cup = 8 oz = 240 mL (approx) or 236.56 mL (actual)

Question 6

What is the conversion of pint to oz and mL?

Answer 6

1 pint = 16 oz = 480 mL (approx) or 473 mL (actual)

Question 7

What is the conversion from quart to mL?

Answer 7

1 quart = 960 mL (approx) or 946 mL (actual)

Question 8

What is the conversion from gallon to mL?

Answer 8

1 gallon = 3840 mL (approx) or 3785 mL (actual)

Question 9

What is the conversion from kg to pounds?

Answer 9

1 kg = 2.2 pounds

Question 10

What is the conversion from oz to g?

Answer 10

1 oz = 28.4 g

Question 11

What is the conversion from pound to g?

Answer 11

1 pound = 454 g

Question 12

What is the conversion from grain to mg?

Answer 12

1 grain = 65 mg (approx) or 64.8 mg (actual)

Question 13

What are the steps to round on the exam?

Answer 13

1) Underline the number to the right of what is being rounded
2) Look at the number that is underlined and apply one of these rules:
- If underlined number is 5-9, round up
- If underline number is 0-4, round down

Question 14

When should you round on calculations?

Answer 14

Never round until the last step in the calculation

Question 15

What are proportions?

Answer 15

Proportions are two fractions (ratios) that are set equal to each other. One variable is unknown and labeled “X”

Question 16

How do you set up proportions?

Answer 16

When setting up proportions, make sure that the units for the numerators match to each other and the units for the denominators match to each other or make sure the items in the left fraction match and the items in the right fraction match

Question 17

What is dimensional analysis?

Answer 17

Dimensional analysis allows multiple proportion calculations to be completed quickly

Question 18

How is dimensional analysis set up?

Answer 18

Diagonal units that are the same can be crossed out (“canceled out”), leaving the desired units. The numbers can be plugged into the calculator exactly as written

Question 19

What is a ratio?

Answer 19

A ratio is a comparison between two numbers. Ratios can be used to describe how ingredients should be mixed

Question 20

How do you convert a decimal to a percentage?

Answer 20

To convert a decimal to a percentage, multiply the decimal by 100

Question 21

How do you convert a percentage to a decimal?

Answer 21

To convert a percentage to a decimal, divide the percentage by 100