Calcium Control Agents - Week 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Gypsum - Composition

A

Ground calcium sulphate dihydrate (CaSO4 +(2)H2O)

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2
Q

Gypsum - Primary Function

A

To formulate gypsum based muds to inhibit shale swelling

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3
Q

Gypsum - Secondary Function

A

To reduce carbonate levels of water based muds without increasing pH

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4
Q

Gypsum - Limitations

A

Calcium solubility is limited by pH and chloride levels. To increase calcium levels it may be necessary to decrease pH on increase chlorides

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5
Q

Gypsum - Treatments

A

For conversion to gypsum based muds 2.0-5.0 ppb are typical. For carbonate removal, the concentration used will depend on the amount of carbonates to be removed

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6
Q

Mil-Lime - Composition

A

Calcium Hydroxide - Ca(OH)2

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7
Q

Mil-Lime - Primary Function

A

Varies as follows for WATER BASED MUDS :

  1. To flocculation clays in spud muds for increased hole cleaning
  2. To treat out soluble carbonates
  3. For corrosion control for hydrogen sulfide applications
  4. For pH increases although not recommended except #3 and above
  5. Use in clear water drilling to help flocculate corrosion solids
  6. To prepare lime muds
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8
Q

Mil-Lime - Limitations

A
  • Over treatment can cause flocculation

- High lime concentrations may cause muds to be rhologically unstable at temperatures >250 F

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9
Q

Mil-Lime - Treatment

A

As needed to achieve desired results

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10
Q

Mil-Lime (Oil base and synthetic muds) - Primary Function

A

To activate certain emulsifiers ( CARBO-TEC OR OMNI-TEC)

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11
Q

Mil-Lime (Oil base and synthetic muds) - Secondary Function

A

To provide excess lime for reaction with hydrogen sulfide and carbonates

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12
Q

Mil-Lime (Oil base and synthetic muds) - Limitations

A

None

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13
Q

Mil-Lime (Oil base and synthetic muds) - Treatment

A

4 pounds per gallon of emulsifier. As needed for excess lime, usually 1-4 ppb

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