Calazio

Question 1

Definizione (cisti sebacea granulomatosa, in poche parole)

meibomian gland lipogranuloma

Answer 1

Focal granulomatous swelling of the sebaceous glands without necrosis, which is primarily caused by obstruction of the glands (Commonly, meibomian glands (deep chalazion). Zeis gland may also be involved (superficial chalazion).

Question 2

Eziologia

Answer 2

• Poor eyelid hygiene, stress , or immunodeficiency
• Systemic conditions: tuberculosis, rosacea, seborrheic dermatitis
• Local anatomical abnormalities: complications of chronic blepharitis, malignancy, eyelid trauma, or post surgery

Question 3

clinica (non è doloroso!)

Answer 3

• Chronic (slow-growing), firm, rubbery nodule on the eyelid
• Heaviness of the eyelid
• Can cause visual disturbances, if large enough

Question 4

Diagnosi

Answer 4

-Usually a clinical diagnosis
Everting the eyelid may allow for better visualization of the lesion.

-Biopsy: for a persistent or recurrent chalazion (may indicate an underlying sebaceous carcinoma of the eyelid)🧨

Question 5

Trattamento

Answer 5

• Conservative: wait and watch , warm compresses , and eyelid hygiene
• In secondary infection: local antibiotics, e.g., tetracycline, doxycycline, minocycline, or metronidazole
• In case of persistent chalazia (once a malignancy has been ruled out)
  
  1. Incision and curettage
  2. Intralesional steroids