Caffeine Flashcards
What percentage of Canadians consume caffeine daily
65%
What are the 4 plant derivatives that caffeine comes from
Coffea arabica
Thea sinesis
Cola nitidia
Theobroma cacao
When was caffeine (Kaffeebase) first isolated from coffee
1820 by Ferdinand Runge.
What year did the government try to force caffeine out of coca-cola
1911
What is the absorption rate of caffeine in the gastrointestinal tract
30-60 minutes
What can caffeine dissolve in
water and oil
because caffeine is so soluble what does that mean
equal distribution in the body and brain
What is the half life of caffeine for most people
4 to 6 hours
What is the half life of caffeine generally
2.5 to 10 hrs
What two active metabolites behave similarly to caffeine
theophylline, paraxanthine
What are some benefits of caffeine consumption
- Reduced concentrations of inflammatory markers
- Reduced stroke risk
- Improved glucose metabolism, insulin secretion, and significantly reduce risk for type 2 diabetes
- Reduced cancer risks
- Improved headache relief
- Decreased risk of some diseases
- Increased subjective arousal
- Improved physical endurance, concentration
- Reduced fatigue
- Increased secretion of gastric acids and urine output
- Bronchial relaxation
- Protective effects against Parkinson’s Disease
- Decreases the risk of Alzheimer’s Disease
• Benefits mental health…
– Women who drink 2-4 cups of coffee a day have 15-20%
lower rates of depression.
• Reduces collisions…
– Long-haul truckers that use caffeine drinks reduce likelihood
of accident by 63%
• Benefits mental health…
– Women who drink 2-4 cups of coffee a day have 15-20%
lower rates of depression.
• Reduces collisions…
– Long-haul truckers that use caffeine drinks reduce likelihood
of accident by 63%
What are the adverse effects of heavy caffeine consumption
agitation, tremors, rapid
breathing, insomnia
What is the LD50 of caffeine
• LD50 – 127 mg/kg (oral, mouse)
Can coffee have a lethal dose in human if so how much
Yes, lethal dose humans – estimated at 10 gram (oral), approx.
70-100 cups of coffee.
- Blood level of 80 micrograms is considered potentially lethal.
What is caffeinism and what can if result in
caffeine overdose resulting in • Insomnia • Delirium • Excitement • Tinnitus • Flashes of light • fever • Chills • Flushing • Arrhythmia • Loss of appetite • Similar to anxiety disorder, does not respond to tranquilizers.
What happens to the body when athletes take caffeine supplements
- increases muscle arousal
- mobilizes fat stores
– utilized for fuel in endurance sports
How does caffeine effect sleep
– Impairs duration and quality of sleep
– Repeated awakenings throughout night
what effect does caffeine have on receptors
it is an adenosine antagonist
What is an antagonist
acts against or blocks
What is adenosine
Neuromodulator – substance other than a neurotransmitter that can alter the activities of a neuron
– Promotes sleep (circadian rhythms)
– Suppresses arousal
How does caffeine effect the neurotransmitter adenosine
Caffeine prevents the activity of the adenosine receptor,
indirectly increasing DA in the striatum and prefrontal cortex causing Alertness and Mild reinforcing properties
.
What percentage of pregnant woman consume caffeine
75%
How is caffeine stated in the DSM -V
Substance-Related and Addictive Disorders: – Caffeine Intoxication – Caffeine Withdrawal – Other Caffeine-Induced Disorders – Unspecified Caffeine-Related Disorder
