C9) The Periodic Table Flashcards

1
Q

what trend do the collection of lithium, sodium, and potassium in Group I show?

A

a collection of relatively soft metals showing a trend in melting point, density, and reaction with water.

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2
Q

a collection of diatomic non-metals showing a trend in colour and physical state (in group VII) are…..

A

halogens, chlorine, bromine, and iodine

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3
Q

what are transition elements?

A

a collection
of metals having high densities, high melting
points and forming coloured compounds, and
which, as elements and compounds, often act as
catalysts

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4
Q

what are noble gases?

A

unreactive, monoatomic gases (Group VIII)

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5
Q

what’s the use of noble gases?

A

proving an inert atmosphere

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6
Q

what are some example of where noble gases can be used?

A
  • argon in lamps
  • helium for filling balloons
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7
Q

what are the names of elements that display properties of both metals, and non-metals?

A

metalloids

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8
Q

what side of the periodic table are most NON-metals?

A

right side

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9
Q

The metallic character diminishes (decreases) moving ____ to _____ across the Periodic Table

A

left to right

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10
Q

what’s a “period” in the periodic table?

A

horizontal rows that show the number of shells of electrons an atom has and are numbered from 1 - 7

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11
Q

what’s a “group” in the periodic table?

A

vertical columns that show how many outer electrons (also known as valency electrons) each atom has and are numbered from I – VII

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12
Q

what is a valency?

A

valency tells you how many bonds an atom can make with another atom or how many electrons its atoms lose, gain or share, to form a compound

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13
Q

what is the valency of carbon?

A
  1. (as it is in Group IV so a single carbon atom can share 4 electrons to make 4 single bonds or 2 double bonds)
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14
Q

where in the periodic table are elements which display properties of both metals and non-metals?

A

Between the metals and the non-metals

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15
Q

what type of oxides are metals?

A

basic oxides ( a few are amphoteric)

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16
Q

what type of oxides are non-metals?

A

acidic oxides (some are neutral)

17
Q

metals = good conductors or poor conductors?

A

good conductors of electricity

18
Q

non-metals = good conductors or poor conductors?

A

poor conductors of electricity

19
Q

do metals react with acid?

A

yes, (many do)

20
Q

do non-metals react with acids?

A

no, they do not react with acids

21
Q

how can you find out the number of outer shell electrons from the given group number?

A

no. of outer shell electrons = group number

22
Q

how many electrons does carbon have in its outer shell?

A

4
(group 4 = 4 outer electrons)

23
Q

what do transition elements form?

A

coloured compounds (often acting as catalysts.

24
Q

why do noble gases not take part in chemical gases?

A

The atoms of noble gases already have complete outer shells, so they have no tendency to lose, gain, or share electrons. (= inert)

25
Q

give one example of a transition element

A

silver/gold/platinum/copper

26
Q

where are transition elements found on the periodic table?

A

The transition elements occupy the short columns in the center of the periodic table, between Group 2A and Group 3A.

27
Q

what is the valency of calcium?

A

2

28
Q

what is the valency of chlorine?

A

1