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Chem 2 > C9 > Flashcards

C9 Flashcards

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1
Q

Gases in the earths current atmosphere

Last 200million years

A 
Nitrogen-78%
Oxygen-21%
Argon-under 1%
CO2-0.4%
Other gases-under 1%
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2
Q

Importance of Atmosphere gases

A

Nitrogen-proteins-growth
CO2+H20-greenhouse gases-absorb + reradiate heat energy
O2-respiration-energy

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3
Q

Greenhouse effect

A

SUN EMITS SHORT WAVELENGTH radiation
EARTH ABSORBS short wavelength radiation
GREENHOUSE GASES absorb LONG wavelength radiation (reflected radiation)
RERADIATE as HEAT energy in ALL directions including earth
=increases global temp(global warming)

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4
Q 
Early atmosphere (layer of gases surrounding earth)
4.6billion years ago
A 
Formed due to intense VOLCANIC ACTIVITY 
Atmosphere mainly CO2
No oxygen 
H2O gas
Ammonia 
Methane
Global dimming
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5
Q

Changes to atmosphere

A

Water vapour CONDENSED to form OCEANS
CO2 levels REDUCED (precipitate =sediment, dissolved in oceans)
PLANTS EVOLVED (2.7 mill years ago)
RISE IN O2 DECREASED CO2–>photosynthesis
More complex organisms evolved
Nitrogen increase-built up from volcanoes

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6
Q

Human activities effect

A 
Increase greenhouse gases
By
Combustion of fossil fuels
Farming cattle
Deforestation
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7
Q

Climate change link to increase in ggg

A

Increased average global temps=ice caps melt
Rising sea levels-flooding-freak weather conditions
Extinction of species and famine

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8
Q

Carbon footprint

How can it be reduced

A

Total ggg emoted over a products journey

Reduce by reducing CO2 and CH4

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9
Q

Combustion is a major source of atmospheric pollution

What happens in combustion

A

Fossil fuels like crude oil and coal contain HYDROCARBONS

During combustion carbon and hydrogen are OXIDISED

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10
Q

Complete combustion

A

Plenty of oxygen so all fuel burns
Eg methane +oxygen—>CO2+water
Co2 and water are pollutants

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11
Q

Incomplete combustion and consequences

A

Insufficient oxygen
Carbon forms solid particles (particulates)Called soot
Inhailling damages lungs+respiratory problems and global dimming

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12
Q

Sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides

A

Fossil fuels like coal contain sulfur
When oxidised we get sulfur dioxide
Meaning acid rain(kills plants+damage buildings)

When car engine gets hot NITROGEN IN AIR reacts with oxygen we get nitrogen oxide=respiratory problems like asthma and acid rain

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Chem 2 (5 decks)

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