C9 Flashcards
phase 1 in evolution of atmosphere
volcanoes gave out gases explosive carbon dioxide nitrogen water vapour methane
phase 2 of evolution of the atmosphere
oceans, algae and green plants absorb carbon dioxide
vapour condensed to oceans and çarbon along with it
animals evolved with carbonate shells
what is crude oil and natural gas made of
deposits of plankton
what is coal made of
deposits of plants
phase 3 of evolution of the atmosphere
photosynthesis
6CO2 + 6H2O = C6H12O6 + 6O2
algae evolved first
oxygen = complex organisms
what human activity affects greenhouse gas emission
deforestation
burning fossil fuels
agriculture
creatin waste
how is increasing carbon dioxide linked to climate change
varies naturally but abnormal peer reviewed evidence for reliability complex variables speculation
consequences of climate change
increased temp polar caps melt sea level rise flooding coastal erosion rainfall pattern change frequency of storms
what was the atmosphere made of 200 million years ago
80% nitrogen
20% oxygen
>1% water vapour co2
greenhouse gasses act as an __________ layer
insulating
what is a carbon footprint
measure of carbons dioxide released over the cycle of something
how to reduce carbon footprint
renewable energy
efficient processes
emission tax
carbon capture
why is it hard to reduce carbon emission
renewables = expensive
impact on economy and growth
international agreements are hard
lifestyle change is hard
not enough oxygen in combustion leads to
particulates made of soot
unburned hydrocarbons released like carbon monoxide
what do particulates cause
lung damage
environmental conditions - reflect sunlight
what does carbon monoxide cause
blood stops carrying oxygen
fainting or coma or death
how does acid rain occur
combustion of fossil fuels with sulphur impurities
water in clouds mix
finite defintion
not considered replaceable as they don’t form quickly
first stage of life cycle assessment
getting raw materials
can damage environment
processed = energy
stage 2 of life cycle assessment
manufacturing and packaging
energy = pollution
waste products
stage 3 of product lifecycle assessment
use
fossil fuels = greenhouse gas
fertilisation can leach
longer = less waste
stage 4 of product life cycle assessment
product disposal
landfill
pollution from transport
incinerated
problems with LCA
hard to give numerical value
not objective = biased
positive advertising
potable water is…
safe for drinking
pure water…
only contains H2O molecules
how is potable water produced
rainwater collecte on surface
reverse osmosis
filtration
sterilisation (bubble chlorine)
how to tell if it’s potable
test pH (6.5-8.5) distil water
where does waste water go
sewage treatment plants
process of sewage treatment
screened
settlement tank undergoes sedimentation
sludge removed
anaerobic released methane
