C4 Flashcards
is a strong acid the same as a concentrated acid
no
strength = proportion of molecules to ionise in water
conc = how much acid in a given volume
acid + metal hydroxide =
salt + water
acid + metal carbonate =
carbon dioxide + water + salt
if less reactive than carbon metals can be extracted by
reduction
more reactive than hydrogen
reacts with acids
acid + metal =
salt + hydrogen
metal + water =
metal hydroxide + hydrogen
formation of ore
oxidation
extraction of ore
reduction
electrolyte
molten or dissolved ionic compound
positive ions are…
reduced to gain electrons
negative ions are…
oxidised to lose electrons
why can’t solids be electrolysed
ions are in a fixed position
aqueous solution cathode contents
H+ ions if more reactive
less reactive = layer of pure metal
aqueous solution anode contents
OH if present or oxygen and water
metal displacement is a ____ reaction
redox
what does cryolite do
lowers boiling temp
acids and bases _____ each other
neutralise
an acid is…
an aqueous solution with pH less than 7
a base is…
one that will react with an acid to form a salt
acids produce ______ in water
protons
a strong acid…
ionises completely in water
dissociâtes to release H+
weak acids…
do not fully ionise
a pH is a measure of
H+ ions in the solution
decrease pH by 1
increase H+ by x10
if halogen is present then
it’s produced
if a sulphate is present
oxygen is produced
is metal less reactive than H
produced
if metal more reactive than H
hydrogen is produced
