C6 Flashcards
slow rate of reaction example
rust, chemical weathering
fast rate of reaction example
burning
what factors affect rate of reaction
temp
concentration
surface area
catalyst
recall the collision theory
in order for collisions to be successful reacting particles must collide with sufficient energy and with proper orientation
what does increasing temp do?
move faster
collide more frequently
enough Ea
effect of increased conc on rate
more particles in same volume
frequency increase
effect of increased surface area
more area to work on
more frequent
effect of using a catalyst on rate
decrease activation energy by giving an alternative reaction pathway
how to measure rate
precipitation and colour change
mass change
volume of gas
drawbacks of using colour change to measure rate
might not agree on exact point
cant plot a graph
mass change is the most _____ method of measuring rate
accurate
how to measure volume of gas
gas syringe
what happens if the reaction lies to the right
greater conc than reactant
what happens if a reaction lies to the left
conc of reactants greater than product
recall le chateliers principle
if you change the conditions of a reversible reaction the system will try to counteract the change
if you decrease temp in reversible reaction
equilibrium will move to the exp side
change pressure
system tried to reduce it
order of gases from top to bottom in fractional distillation
LPG petroleum naphtha kerosene diesel fuel oil bitumen
what is a saturated compound
each carbon has 4 covalent bonds
formula for methane
CH4
general formula for alkanes
CnH2n+2
what is the 4th suffix in alkanes
but-
combustion word equation
fuel + oxygen = carbon dioxide + water
why do we use fractional distillation
separate different hydrocarbons from a mixture to use each more effectively
there is a temperature ____ within the distillation column
gradient
what is cracking
large molecules broken down by heating and over a hot catalyst
alkenes are ______ hydrocarbons
unsaturated
what happens when a large alkene is cracked
breaks into an alkane and an alkene
