C8: Review Questions Flashcards
the tapered end of the solid spinal cord is termed:
conus medullaris
the soft, semigelatinous inner part of the intervertebral disk is termed:
nucleus pulposus
the articulations between C1 and the occipital condyles of the skull are termed:
occipitoatlantal joints
the intervertebral joints are classified as:
amphiarthrodial
a comminuted fracture of the anterior and posterior arches of C1 is termed:
Jefferson fracture
a lumbar rib is an example of a/an:
transitional vertebra
what additional measure can be taken if the patient cannot depress the shoulders adequately for the cervicothoracic (swimmer’s) lateral projection?
angle the CR 3- to 5-degree caudad
which spinal curvature is characterized by an abnormal lateral curvature?
scoliosis
the zygapophyseal joints are classified as:
diarthordial
a fracture that extends through the pedicles of C2, with or without subluxation of C2 on C3 is termed:
hangman’s fracture
a fracture that involves the dens and can extend into the lateral masses or arches of C1 is termed:
odontoid fracture
which condition or disease is best demonstrated with the scoliosis series?
Scheuermann disease
what type of CR angle is used for the AP axial projection of the cervical spine?
15- to 20-degree cephalad
what type of CR angle is used for the anterior oblique projection of the cervical spine?
15- to 20-degree caudad
what type of CR angle is used for the cervicothoracic (swimmer’s) lateral of the cervical spine?
no angle, perpendicular CR, enter T1 which is approximately 1 inch above the jugular notch anteriorly at the level of the vertebra prominens
what type of CR angle is used for the PA projection (Judd method) for C1-C2 of the cervical spine?
no angle, perpendicular CR parallel to MML, through midoccipital bone, about 1-inch inferoposterior to mastoid tips and angles of mandible
what type of CR angle is used for the AP projection (Fuchs method) for C1-C2 of the cervical spine?
no angle, perpendicular CR parallel to MML, directed to inferior tip of mandible
what is the benefit of utilizing a breathing technique for the lateral position of the thoracic spine?
to blur unwanted rib and lung markings overlying thoracic vertebra
what type of CR angle is used for the anterior oblique projection of the cervical spine?
15- to 20-degree caudad
what type of CR angle is used for the hyperflexion and hyperextension positions of the cervical spine?
no angle, CR horizontal to C4
