C8 | 원자와 분자 (Atoms & Molecules)

Question 1

What are the three types of sub-atomic particles in an atom?

Answer 1

• Protons
• Electrons
• Neutrons

Question 2

How is the structure of an atom represented?

Hint: The sub-atomic particles positioning.

Answer 2

• Protons and Neutros form the Nucleus of an atom.
• Electrons move around the nucleus.

Question 3

Nucleus
What are the sub-atomic particles in a nucleus and their charge?

Shells Around The Nucleus
What is the sub-atomic particle that goes around the nucleus and the charge?

Answer 3

Nucleus
* Protons (Positively Charged)
* Neutrons (Neutral)

Shells Around The Nucleus
* Electrons (Negatively Charged)

Question 4

Proton Details
* State the represented letter for Protons.
* State the location of the Proton.
* State the relative mass of the Proton.
* State the relative charge of the Proton.

Answer 4

• Represented by the letter “P”
• Found in the Nucleus of an Atom as a Sub-Atomic Particle.
• Has a relative mass of 1.
• Has a positive charge of 1. (+1)
• Please note that the amount of protons is EQUAL to the amount of Electrons present.

Question 5

Neutron Details
* State the represented letter for Neutrons.
* State the location of the Neutron.
* State the relative mass of the Neutron.
* State the relative charge of the Neutron.

Answer 5

• Represented by the letter “N”
• Found in the Nucleus of an Atom as a Sub-Atomic Particle.
• Has a relative mass of 1.
• Has a charge of 0. Neutral, has no charge.

Question 6

Electron Details
* State the represented letter for Electrons.
* State the location of the Electron.
* State the relative mass of the Electron.
* State the relative charge of the Electron.

Answer 6

• Represented by the letter “E”
• Found in the shells surrounding the nucleus as a Sub-Atomic Particle.
• Has a relative mass of 1/1840.
• Has a negative charge of 1. (-1)
• Please note that the amount of electrons is EQUAL to the amount of Protons present.

Question 7

Mathematical Question

Please calculate the overall charge of the atom.

Helium
* 2 Protons & 2 Electrons

Answer 7

2(+1)+2(-1)=0

• In an atom, the number of neutrons do not contribute to the overall charge of an atom as they do not have any charges.
• Since the number of protons is equal to the number of electrons, the positive and negative charges in the atom are balanced.
  Hence, an atom is electrically neutral.

Question 8

In the Periodic Table, what does the number above the stated Chemical represent?

Answer 8

• It is known as the Proton Number or the Atomic Number.
• This is the amount of protons in an atom of an element.
• As the amount of Protons is equivalent the amount of Electrons, this also means that the amount of protons present is the same as the amount of electrons present.

Question 9

FLIP
(Note)

Answer 9

Taking the element Sodium for example.
* Atomic Number: 11
* Mass Number: 23

The mass number is the total amount of protons and neutrons in an atom. Essentially, the nucleus. To find the amount of neutrons in an atom, do the following:

Mass Number (Protons and Neutrons) - Atomic Number (Protons) = Proton Number

In this case, 23-11=12. Hence, there are 12 Neutrons in the atom of the Sodium element.

Question 10

What is a molecule?

Answer 10

A molecule is made up of two or more atoms chemically combined.

Question 11

How are atoms and molecules displayed?

Answer 11

• Atoms are represented by drawing a single circle with their Chemical Abbreviation inside the circle labelled.
• As for molecules, it is the same thing but where the circles are connected to one another.
• For example, each hydrogen molecule is made up of two hydrogen atoms.

Question 12

What are molecules of a compound?

Answer 12

• A molecule of a compound consists of two or more different types of atoms chemically combined.
• The nitrogen dioxide molecule is one such example.
• Each molecule of nitrogen dioxide consists of one nitrogen atom and two oxygen atoms.
• Simply put, a compound is where two or more two different types of atoms chemically combine with one another.