C6.2 machinery hazards Flashcards
Drills
entanglement
cuts
ejection of drill bit / work piece
hand puncture
Circular saws
entanglement
cuts from handling blades
cuts from rotating blade
ejected waste material (sawdust in eyes, inhaling)
Guillotines
cuts from blade
cuts from shearing action as blade passes fixed point
crush injuries from clamp used to hold down material
cuts from handling guillotined material
Disc sanders
abrasion from contact with disc
entanglement
dusts
abrasive wheels
friction / abrasion from rotating wheel entanglement drawing in of hands between wheel and fixed work rest ejection of material into eye ejection of hot particles ejection of work piece rupture of wheel
lathes
entanglement
friction burns from contact with rotating workpiece
drawing in of hands between rotating piece and fixed tool
ejected waste
ejection of hot particles
ejection of work piece
ejection of chuck key if not removed
automatic doors / gates
crushing shearing where overlapping parts pass over each other impact hazards where open outwards drawing in to rollers etc entanglement with rollers
power presses
crushing
shearing as moving parts pass over guides
impact from descending press
entanglement with rotating parts (crank shaft)
ejection of work piece
injection of hydraulic fluid from leaking pressure system
power tools
cuts eye injury from waste material battery acid petrol ignition compressed air
non-mechanical machinery hazards
noise vibration electricity thermal (high / low temp) radiation hazardous materials / substances ergonomic environmental
robot hazards
unpredictable movements when setting up impact / collision crush / trap stored energy instability / falling over ejection arm dropping noise welding arc flash dust fumes aberrant behaviour = unintentional movement
advantages of robots
precision high repeatability no fatigue issues cost effective longer continuous working flexibility
robot control measures
fencing / access control PTW / SSW when in danger zone planned maintenance fail to safe emergency stops trip switches light beams duplicate systems software testing operator / maintenance training safe distance between robot arm and other structures
causes of robot aberrant behaviour
programming error programme change affects another programme electromagnetic interference power failure mechanical damage hydraulic failure corrosion
computer numerically controlled machines (CNC)
lathes milling machines drills routers punch presses
repetitive jobs
cutting complex shapes
advantages of CNC machine
repeating accurate unmanned machines easy to programme avoid human error cheap production of items
power tool control measures
regular maintenance right tool for job pre-use check use as per manufacturer instructions use guards do not remove guards when toll is in use use correct PPE keep cutting tools sharp keep work area tidy removed damaged equipment from use do not carry by power cables keep cables away from heat / oil / sharp edges cables not trip hazards
abrasive wheel control measures
guard covers spindle
proper wheel alignment
keep within safety parameters of disc speed / type
stand to side of wheel until at full speed
eye / face protection
pneumatic air tool control measures
tool fastened securely to air line
secondary safety connection, e.g. chain
jack control measures
use on firm level surface place against a level surface lubricate regularly LOLER inspections pre-use checks do not exceed SWL do not exceed jack stop indicator
