C5- Ionic Bonding

Question 1

What is a bond

Answer 1

Forces of attraction that hold atoms together

Energy is released from atoms making them more stable and less reactive

Question 2

When are atoms more stable

Answer 2

When they have a full outer shell like a noble gas

Question 3

What are ions

Answer 3

By the transfer of electrons by atoms forming charged particles called atoms

Question 4

What are positive ions

Answer 4

Cations

Metals tend to lose electrons and so form cations

Question 5

What are negative ions

Answer 5

Anions

Non metals tend to form anions and gain electrons

Anions have more electrons than protons

Question 6

What happens when non metals form negative ions

Answer 6

The name changed to -ide

Question 7

What are electrostatic forced

Answer 7

The forces of attraction between all positively and negatively charge objects

Question 8

What force forms an ionic bond and keeps them together

Answer 8

Electrostatic forces hold the oppositely charged ions together

Question 9

What are most ionic bonds made of

Answer 9

A metal and non metal

MOSTLY

Question 10

What are atoms that easily form ions like

Answer 10

Either have a nearly full of nearly empty outer shell

Question 11

If an element was in group 2 - what would this mean

Answer 11

It would lose 2 electrons and have a 2+ charge

Question 12

If an element was in group 6 what would it be like as an ion

Answer 12

It would gain 2 electrons and have a 2- charge

Question 13

How are ionic bonds drawn

Answer 13

Draw the atoms electronic configuration - one with dots and crosses, move the smaller amount of electrons on outer shell to other atom and make sure that both the 2 atoms have full outer shells

Question 14

How are ionic compounds formed

Answer 14

By the loss and gain of electrons held together by strong electrostatic forces of attraction between oppositely charged ions

Question 15

What is a lattice structure

Answer 15

The strong ionic bonds allow ‘billions’ of jons to be lacked together in a regular repeating arrangement

Question 16

What will ionic forms often form

Answer 16

Crystals when solid Becuase of their regular lattice structure

Question 17

What’s a crystal

Answer 17

Pieces of solid that have a particular regular shape, flat surfaces and sharp edges

Question 18

What charge are ionic compounds

Answer 18

Neutral

Question 19

How can you work out ionic formula

Answer 19

Use ion formulae and make it so the charges cancel out

Question 20

What’s a polyatomic atom

Answer 20

Some ions contain more than one atom eg the sulphur ion is sulfur and oxygen

Question 21

Ionic compounds contain..

Answer 21

Ions NOT ATOMS OR MOLECULES

Question 22

Why must ionic compounds be heated to high temperatures before they melt or change state

Answer 22

The electrostatic forces of attraction between the oppositely charged ions are strong so a lot of energy is need to overcome these forces and so seperate the ions

Question 23

If an ion has a charge of -2 and another has -1 which will have stronger electrostatic forces

Answer 23

The one with a -2 charge

Question 24

Do ionic compounds conduct electricity

Answer 24

When they are molten or dissolved in water (Aqueous solution) they do

NOT WHEN THEY ARE SOLID M8

Question 25

What conditions must be met to conduct electricity

Answer 25

It must contain charged particles

These particles must be free to move

Question 26

What carried the current when an ionic compound conducts electricity

Answer 26

Ions

Question 27

Can ions dissolve in water

Answer 27

Mostly they can

Question 28

Which electrode would an anion be attracted to (a negative ion)

Answer 28

The anode

Question 29

Which electrode would a cation (positive ion) be attracted to

Answer 29

The cathode

Question 30

What enables the ionic compounds to conduct electricity

Answer 30

IONS moving NOT ELECTRONS