C5 Flashcards
What is oxidation
Loss of electrons
What is reduction
Gain of electrons
What is the reactivity series
Potassium
Sodium
Lithium
Calcium
Magnesium
Zinc
Iron
Copper
What acids do you need to know
Hydrophilic acid HCl
Sulphuric acid H(2)SO(4)
Nitric acid HNO(3)
What is a salt
It’s a compound formed when hydrogen in an acid is partially replaced by metal of ammonium ions
How can salts be made
Reacting a suitable metal with an acid it also much be over hydrogen in the reactivity series but not too high
What does a reaction between a metal and acid produce
Hydrogen + salt
What type of reaction is between an acid and metal
Redox reaction
How is an ionic equation formed
Mg+cu(2+) - MgSO(4)+cu
Mg+cu(2+) - mg(2-)+cu
What are the steps to extract metal
- metals under ground react with chemical elements
- so it must be chemically removed before used
- a metal ore means there enough metal to be worth extracting
- you can heat metal oxide with carbon it removed oxygen from metal oxide and forms CO2
- some metals are more reactive than carbon so it’s expected by electrolysis
What ions do acids produce
H+ ions
What is a base and what does it produce
It neutralises acids and produces salt + water
What does a aqueous solution of alkaline produce
OH-
What does H+ + OH- produce
H2O
What does acid +carbonate produce
Salt + water + carbonate
What is the neutralisation reaction
Acid + base - salt + water
How are strong acids ionised in an aqueous solution
Ions fully ionised
What are examples of strong acids
HCl H2SO4 HNO3
What are examples of weak acids
Carbonic Ethenoic Sitric
What does the conc of an acid tell us
The volume of the acid molecule in a given volume of solution and dilute acids have lower acid molecules
What must acids do for us to see there acidic property’s
They must dissolve in water as they ionise from H+ and H- ions
