C1

Question 1

What’s a compound

Answer 1

2 or more elements chemically combine

Question 2

What’s an element

Answer 2

Made of the same atom (Mg,S,Cl)

Question 3

What’s a mixture

Answer 3

Elements not chemically combine has high melting and boiling points

Question 4

What is a molecule

Answer 4

Elements chemically combine and can be the same element

Question 5

How do you work out the number of protons ?

Answer 5

Mass no. - atomic number

Question 6

What is the protons relative charge and it’s relative mass

Answer 6

Relative charge: +1

Relative mass: 1

Question 7

What’s the electrons relative charge and it’s relative mass

Answer 7

Relative charge: 0

Relative mass: 1

Question 8

What’s the neutrons relative charge and it’s relative mass

Answer 8

Relative charge: -1

Relative mass: very small 0.0001

Question 9

What was the ‘plum pudding model’ and what investigation was used to test this theory

Answer 9

He thought electrons were tiny negative charged particles and he tested this using the alpha-scattering experiment.

He used a fire alpha particle and fired atoms at gold foil

He found most we’ve straight through, some deflected and done bounced back. Showing atoms to be mainly empty with a positive middle and mass concentrated at the middle

Question 10

What is the ‘nuclear model’

Answer 10

Electrons are located around the nucleus at specific distances known as shells around the shells in empty space

Question 11

What is the ‘updated nuclear model’

Answer 11

It’s a positive nucleus made of protons and neutrons with shells around the nucleus with electrons which are negatively charged

Question 12

What is filtration of an insoluble solid

Answer 12

You need a filtered funnel with filter paper, pour the mixture into the funnel and the water passes through, the solids are left in the filter paper

Question 13

What is simple distillation separating liquid from solid

Answer 13

We heat the liquid which starts to evaporate the water then rises up the tube to the condenser and turns back to a liquid the water is left in the beaker and solids in the flask

Question 14

What is chromatography and how do you do it? Separating different substances of solubility

Answer 14

Colour are put on chromatography paper in a solvent, the solvent makes its way up the paper

Question 15

What is the stationary and mobile phase of chromatography

Answer 15

Stationary: paper
Mobile:solvent the dots that appear up the chromatography paper

We can use this to find an unknown substance to find how it moved from the measure line

Rf= distance moved my substance / distance moved my solvent

Question 16

What is crystallisation of a solvable solid?

Answer 16

If we leave a solution out for a couple of days the water will evaporate leaving a solid NaCl.

To make crystallisation happen faster we can heat up the solution but not too much that it damaged the solid.

Question 17

What is fractional distillation to separate a liquid from a liquid?

Answer 17

We take the solution and heat it with a lower boiling point than the other liquid, the liquid evaporates it goes to the fractional column and drips to the flask. Repeating this, increases the volume of the lower BP liquid. The two liquids increase temp and pass through the condenser and turn to a liquid. So as the temp increases the higher BP liquid goes through the process creating a pure liquid.

Question 18

Name a separation technique that could be used to separate a solvable solid from a solution

Answer 18

Evaporation

Question 19

What’s the technique used to separate a mixture of liquids with similar boiling points

Answer 19

Fractional distillation

Question 20

What determines a metals rate of reactivity

Answer 20

How fast it can form a positive ion