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Matt's WSET level 3 > C35 - Canada > Flashcards

C35 - Canada Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the general climate in Canada?

A

Continental throughout

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2
Q

What are the average annual temperatures in Canada?

A

Low

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3
Q

What are average daytime temperatures in July and August in Canada?

A

Very high

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4
Q

How are temperature extremes moderated in Canada?

A

By large lakes

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5
Q

Describe winters in Canada

A

Temperatures can drop far below zero for long periods

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6
Q

What are the long, freezing winters ideal for?

A

Icewine

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7
Q

How many DVAs are in Ontario?

A

Three

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8
Q

What is the most important of Ontario’s DVAs?

A

Niagara Peninsula

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9
Q

Where in Ontario is Niagara Peninsula?

A

On the south-western corner of Lake Ontario

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10
Q

What effect does Lake Ontario have on Niagara Peninsula?

A

It cools down and heats up more slowly than the surrounding land, extending the growing season in Autumn and delaying budburst in spring

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11
Q

What are the effects of the extended growing season and delayed budburst in Niagara Peninsula?

A

The extended growing season allows grapes to ripen fully

Delayed budburst helps to minimise frost damage

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12
Q

Other than temperature moderation, what is the other benefit which comes as a result of Lake Ontario in Niagara Peninsula?

A

Increased air flow helps to reduce fungal disease

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13
Q

What is the most successful grape variety in Niagara Peninsula?

A

Riesling

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14
Q

What styles does Riesling make in Niagara Peninsula?

A

Fresh, fruity, dry and off-dry whites

The finest Icewines

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15
Q

Other than Riesling, which other grape variety is common for Icewine?

A

Vidal

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16
Q

Describe the feature of Vidal

A

A hardy hybrid with little character as a dry wine but makes good Icewines (though without the acid structure or aromatic complexity of Riesling)

17
Q

Other than Riesling and Vidal, which other variety is popular in Niagara Peninsula?

A

Chardonnay

18
Q

Describe the style of Chardonnays made in Niagara Peninsula

A

Good quality
Dry
Pure fruit and restrained oak

19
Q

What are the black varieties most commonly grown in Niagara Peninsula?

A

Pinot Noir
Cabernet Sauvignon
Merlot
Cabernet Franc

20
Q

Where in Canada is British Columbia?

A

The west coast

21
Q

How many DVAs are in British Columbia?

A

Five

22
Q

What is the most important of British Columbia’s DVAs?

A

Okanagan Valley

23
Q

Describe the climate of Okanagan Valley

A

It lies in the rain shadow of two mountain ranges which are on either side of the valley
Very low annual average rainfall
Semi-desert environment

24
Q

Describe the main effect that latitude has on Okanagan’s growing season

A

Day length is very long during the growing season

25
Q

What is the effect of longer days in Okanagan Valley?

A

This prolongs the time in which photosynthesis can take place, aiding grape ripening

26
Q

What is the effect of large glacial lakes in Okanagan Valley?

A

They help to moderate temperature, extending the growing season

27
Q

What does the extended growing season caused by proximity of lakes in Okanagan result in?

A

It enables successful ripening of grapes in the north, and black grapes in the south

28
Q

What are the most widely planted grapes in Okanagan Valley?

A

Merlot
Pinot Gris
Pinot Noir
Chardonnay

29
Q

Other than still, dry wines, what else is produced in Okanagan Valley?

A

Icewine from Riesling or Vidal

30
Q

What is the appellation system of Canada?

A

Vintners Quality Alliance (VQA)

31
Q

Which two provinces use the VQA scheme?

A

Ontario and British Columbia

32
Q

How are Canada’s participating VQA provinces further broken down?

A

Into smaller Designated Viticultural Areas (DVAs)

33
Q

How are DVAs further divided?

A

Into regional appellations, then sub-appellations

34
Q

What are the main restrictions for VQAs?

A

Every VQA wine must be made 100% grapes that are grown in that province
They must be made 100% from V. vinifera varieties or selected hybrids

Matt's WSET level 3 (44 decks)

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