C3-structure And Bonding Flashcards
When atoms react what are they trying to achieve
When atoms react they are trying to achieve a full outer energy level and gain the structure of a noble gas
What happens during ionic bonding
During ionic bonding a metal and a non metal react together
What ions are formed when a group 7 metal and a group one metal react
When a group 1 metal reacts with a group 7 metal the group 1 metal loses an electron and becomes a positivley charged ion
The group 7 ion gains an electron and becomes a negativley charged ion
What happens to ionoc compounds when they form giantic ionic lattices
Ionic coumpounds form giant structures called ionic lattices which are made up of negative and positive ions next to each other
What are the electrostatic forces of attractions like in these ionic compounds
- Ionic compounds have very strong forces of attraction between the negative ions and the positive ions. These forces of attraction help to keep the ionic structure in place .
Descrube the melting points in ionic lattices
Ionic lattices have very high melting and boiling points because the strong electrostatic forces of attraction take alot of heat energy to break
Can ionic compounds conduct electricity in a solid state
Ionic compounds cannot conduct electricity as the electrostatic forces of attraction lock the ions in place and mean they cant move around and conduct electricty
What happens to the ions in a dissolved or molten ionic compoind
Ions in a dissolved or molten ionic compound are free to move and conduct electricity
What is covalent bonding
Covalent bonding happens between two non metal elements
It is where they share a pair of electrons
What is a covalent bond
A covalent bond is a shared pair of electrons between two atoms
What sort of melting and boiling points do simple covalent structures have
Simple covalent structures have low melting and boiling points because there are weak intermolecular forces of attraction between the molecules so it does not require alot of energy to break them
What happens to the melting and boiling points of the structures as they increase in size
As the size of the simple covalent molecules increase so do the melting and boiling points because there are stronger intermolecular forces of attraction
Do simple covalent molecules conduct electricity?
Simple covalent molecules do not conduct electricity because they have no overall electric charge
What do metals consist of
Metals consist of giant structure of atoms arranged in regular layers
What happens to the outer electrons in a metal
In a metal the electrons in the outer shell are free to move , they are delocalised and when many metal atoms come together they form a sea of delocalised electrons
What are metallic bonds
Metallic bonds are the strong electrostatic forces of attraction between the negatively charged electrons and the positive metal atoms .
Can metals conduct heat and electricity
Metals can conduct heat and electricity because the electrons are free to move and carry charge. The electrons can carry electric charge and the electrons also can carry thermal energy which means they can conduct heat and electricity
Describe the melting and boiling points in metals
Metals have very high melting and boiling points because the strong electrostatic forces of attraction(metallic bonds) require lots of energy to break
What is another key property of metals
Metals are malleable and can be bent and shaped because the layers in a metal atom can slide over eacg kther
What is an alloy
An alloy is a metal blended with other elements , it is a mixture
Why are alloys harder than pure metals
Alloys are harder than pure metals because they consist of atoms of many different sizes. The disrupts the layers of metals and stops them sliding over each other- making them harder
What are the positives and negatives of dot and cross diagrams
Dot and cross diagrams show which electrons have come from which atoms in a molecule
But they do not show the relative sizes of atoms or how they are arranged
What are the positives and negatives of displayed formula
Displayed formula shows the connections between atoms in larger molecules
But they do not show the 3D structure of the atom or which electrons have come from which atoms in the covalent bond
What are the positives and negatives of 3D models
3D models show the atoms, the covalent bonds and the arrangement of atoms
-They do not show where the electrons in the bonds come from and can become confusing for larger molecules
