C3: Human Trafficking

Question 1

what is human trafficking?

Answer 1

the act of recruiting, transporting, harbouring, or receipt of persons by means of force, coercion, deception, or fraud, for the purpose of exploitation.

Question 2

how much is organised crime worth in human trafficking?

Answer 2

150 billion

Question 3

how many people are there in modern-day slavery?

Answer 3

around 50 million

Question 4

how many people roughly are in slavery in Australia?

Answer 4

41 thousand

Question 5

examples of legal International responses to human trafficking?

Answer 5

legal
- treaties
- Interpol

non-legal
- A21 (global NGO)

Question 6

Positives of the Palermo protocol?

Answer 6

• first agreed definition of HT
• obliges state parties to criminalise HT and not treat victims as criminals
• recognises that HT cannot be solved by one government

Question 7

Negatives of Palermo protocol?

Answer 7

• states can choose to not ratify
• 39 nations who are state parties have not yet been included in domestic laws
• the wording is weak

Question 8

Positives of Interpol?

Answer 8

-195 member countries
- information sharing and capacity building among police forces
- shares specific case-related intelligence on threats, trends and routes

Question 9

negative of Interpol?

Answer 9

• limited funding > only 160 million

Question 10

What are domestic legal responses to HT?

Answer 10

• criminal legislation
• AFP

Question 11

Positives of AFP?

Answer 11

• dedicated teams in Melb, Syd, and Bris
• prevention of HT
• protected 53 people between july 2021-November 2022
• train first responders to notice signs
• 200 members located in 33 different countries

Question 12

negatives of AFP?

Answer 12

• victim identification
• victim cooperation

Question 13

negatives of criminal legislation?

Answer 13

• low detection

Question 14

example of case enforced on HT and impacts?

Answer 14

• HCA R v Wei Tang (2008 convicted for slavery for 10 years)
• HC had to redefine slavery

Question 15

criminal legislation acts:

Answer 15

• Criminal Code Act 1995
• Criminal Legislation Act (slavery and slavery-like conditions and people trafficking) Act 2013

Question 16

positives of the media in human trafficking?

Answer 16

• raises awareness
• A21 #canyouseeme
• can assist police

Question 17

negative of the media in human trafficking?

Answer 17

• predators use social media to prey on victims
• inaccurate representations on platforms such as TikTok sometimes

Question 18

What is A21?

Answer 18

Global Ngo to Combat HT and break the Cycle

Question 19

how has A21 made an impact?

Answer 19

• # canyouseeme
• annual walking event > walk for freedom 19/10

Question 20

example of a domestic response on HT?

Answer 20

Red Cross Australia > support for trafficked people program

Question 21

positives of support for trafficked people program?

Answer 21

• support provided to 624 survivors
• help with employment, finance, education, accommodation, legal advice for 45-90 days

Question 22

negatives of support for trafficked people program?

Answer 22

• to stay on the program long term must testify in court or possibly be deported
• criticised for a crime-centres approach rather than a human right abuses approach to victims.