C3 chemical quantities and calculations Flashcards
Conservation of mass
No atoms are lost or made during a chemical reaction
Relative atomic mass
Ar
Mass of carbon 12 isotope is used as a standard for atomic mass
Relative formula mass
Sum of the relative atomic masses
Uncertainty
Printed on the apparatus
Shows how accurate the equipment is
Range
The difference between the highest and the lowest measurement
Mean
Adding all results together and dividing by the number or results
Percentage uncertainty equation
Range of measurements/ mean x100
Moles
Mass of 1 mole of a substance in grand is equal to its relative formula mass
Measurement for chemical amounts
Avogadro’s constant
The number of atoms, molecules or ions in a mole of a given substance
6.02 x10(23) per mole or mol-1
Calculating molar mass
Find relative atomic masses in the formula and add them up
Masses of substances
Molar mass of sub A/ mass of reactant A =
Molar mass of sub B/ mass of product B
Or
Mass of B= mass of A x mm of B/ mm of A
Predicting masses
- Find molar mass
2. Use the number of moles from the equation to find the ratio
Mass of chemical
Molar mass x number of moles
Concentration of a solution
Measured as the mass of solute dissolved per specific volume of solution
Mass of solute/volume
%yield
Is a way of comparing the mass of product to the mass expected to make
Actual yield / max theoretical yield x100