C2b - Structure And Bonding Flashcards
Limitations of bonding model: IONIC
- Does not show ion size
- Does not show 3D lattice
- Shows ions as static, not vibrating
- Suggests electrons are different
Limitations of bonding model: COVALENT
- Does not show 3D shape
- Suggest electrons are different by ‘x’ and ‘•’
- Suggest bonds are sticks
- Suggests space between atoms
Limitations of the bonding model:
EMPIRICAL FORMULA
- Shows simplest ratio, not the billions of ions
What are the 4 types of Carbon?
- Diamond
- Graphite
- Graphene
- Fullerenes
What are the 5 things about Diamond and it’s structure?
- No delocalised electrons - does not conduct
- Every C atom is covalently bonded to 4 other C atoms
- Many strong bonds to break - lots of energy to overcome
- Means it has a very high MPT
- Means it’s Very hard and strong
What are the 4 things about Graphite?
- Delocalised electron - can move through structure and carry charge and can conduct
- Every C covalently bonded to 3 other C atoms - high MPT
- Graphite is organised into flat layers
- Weak IMF between layers mean they easily slide
What are the 3 (short) things about graphene?
- One layer of graphite
- Conducts as have delocalised electrons
- Strong = strong covalent bond
What is a fullerene?
Molecules of C atoms with hollow shapes.
What is a cylindrical fullerene called?
What nanotechnology are they used in? (4)
NANOTUBES
1. Electronics
2. Strengthening sporting equipment
3. In body drug delivery
4. Body armour
What is a pure metal alloy? What makes it malleable?
All the atoms are the same size.
Arranged in uniform rows.
Easy to Slide Over each other with force = malleable
What is an alloyed metal?
Adding a different element with different sized atoms.
Layers are distorted with means they cannot easily slide = stronger
