C21 - Acids, bases and buffers Flashcards

1
Q

What is a Bronsted-lowry acid?

A

It is a proton donor

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2
Q

What is a Bronsted-lowry base?

A

It is a proton acceptor

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3
Q

What is a monoprotic acid?

A

Releases 1 mole of H+ ions per mole of substances e.g. HCl or HNO3

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4
Q

What is a diprotic acid?

A

Releases 2 moles of H+ ions per mole of substances e.g. H2SO4

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5
Q

What is a triprotic acid?

A

Releases 3 moles of H+ ions per mole of substances e.g. H3PO4

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6
Q

What is the equation to work out the pH?

A

pH = -log10(H+)

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7
Q

What is the equation to work out the number of H+ ions?

A

(H+) = 10^-pH

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8
Q

How many decimal places is pH left to?

A

2 dp

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9
Q

Do weak acids fully dissociate H+ ions?

A

No

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10
Q

What is the equivalence point?

A

At the equivalence point in an acid-base titration, moles of base = moles of acid and the solution only contains salt and water

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11
Q

What is significant about the half equivalence point?

A

At this point (A-) and (HA) are equal so therefore Ka = (H+)

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12
Q

What is the role of buffer solutions?

A

Oppose changes in pH when small quantities of acid or base are added

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13
Q

What is in an acidic buffer?

A

Acidic buffer has a weak acid and a salt

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14
Q

What is in a basic buffer?

A

Acidic buffer has a weak acid and a salt

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