C2: Treatment and management of addiction and stress

Question 1

what is mindfulness?

Answer 1

a psychological approach to living that involves ‘being in the present’

Question 2

what is mindfulness based stress reduction (MBSR) ?

Answer 2

a structured programme of standardised techniques based on buddhist meditation

Question 3

what does the mindfulness based stress reduction program include?

Answer 3

• 2.5 hour group sessions per week for 8 weeks
• mindful focus
• body scan
• mindfulness stretching

Question 4

what does Eric Garland say about mindfulness and addiction?

Answer 4

he developed a programme for addiction recovery called mindfulness-oriented recovery enhancement (MORE) and it helps people become more aware of their behaviour and is guided

Question 5

what is biofeedback?

Answer 5

a technique that helps people learn to control bodily functions like heart rate

Question 6

what are the three main phases to biofeedback training?

Answer 6

1. awareness and psychological feedback
2. relaxation training and control
3. transfer

Question 7

what is counselling?

Answer 7

provides a safe confidential space for people to talk to a train professional about your issues

Question 8

what is guided self help?

Answer 8

a brief therapy aimed to enable the patient to become their own therapist

Question 9

what is cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT)?

Answer 9

focuses on how a persons thoughts, feelings and behaviours are interconnected

Question 10

what is stress inoculation training (SIT)?

Answer 10

a cognitive behavioural approach and is split into three phases to help a stressed client

Question 11

what are the three phases of SIT?

Answer 11

1. cognitive preparation
2. skill acquisition
3. application

Question 12

what is a social network?

Answer 12

a collection of people we interact with (family members, friends, colleagues)

Question 13

what is instrumental support?

Answer 13

practical help (cooking a meal, giving money)

Question 14

what is emotional support?

Answer 14

expressing warmth, concern and empathy to someone (‘i’m sorry you’re going through this’)

Question 15

what is esteem support?

Answer 15

giving support when we feel someone needs to have more faith in themselves (‘you’re so good at this’)

Question 16

what is skills training?

Answer 16

when a client practices their skills their self-efficacy increases so they learn they are capable of controlling their own behaviour

Question 17

what is assertiveness training?

Answer 17

helps someone cope with conflict in a controlled, rational way

Question 18

what is anger management?

Answer 18

training can help a client express emotions more constructively

Question 19

what is social skills training (SST)?

Answer 19

focuses on verbal and non verbal communication skills like tone of voice or eye contact

Question 20

name the 4 skills training techniques

Answer 20

1. group discussion
2. modelling and role play
3. homework
4. visualisation

Question 21

name some nicotine substitutes

Answer 21

patches, gum, spray, tablets

Question 22

how does detoxification help with alcohol addiction?

Answer 22

it helps clear the body of drugs or alcohol to help the person safely manage withdrawal symptoms

Question 23

how does aversive help alcohol addiction?

Answer 23

they’re given a drug (emetic) which makes someone vomit and then they’re given alcohol to hold, smell and drink and the goal is to associate the two

Question 24

how does agonists help an alcohol addiction?

Answer 24

a drug substitute which attaches to receptors and activates them which satisfies cravings

Question 25

how does valerian help with stress?

Answer 25

contains compounds that may help promote calmness by reducing GABA breakdown

Question 26

how does chamomile help with stress?

Answer 26

associated with calmness

Question 27

how does lavender help with stress?

Answer 27

reduces stress and anxiety

Question 28

when you exercise what chemicals does your body release?

Answer 28

endorphins

Question 29

what are endorphins?

Answer 29

produced in the pituary gland which triggers a positive feeling in the body