C2 Reactions Of Group 1 Elements Flashcards
How many outer electrons do group 1 elements have?
One
Explain the following sentences.
Group 1 elements all have a single outer electron. This means different group 1 metals will react with a particular reactant to produce the same type of product.
(Chloride gas)
The reactions of group 1 metals with chlorine gas produce metal chlorides.
If different group 1 metals will react with a particular reactant to produce the same type of produce, what will we see in the balances symbol equations?
They will follow the same pattern.
Complete this sentence
Although the reactions are similar, the reactions become more vigorous as……
Atomic number increases.
Why does the reaction become more vigorous atomic number increases?
Because the elements become more reactive down the group.
If you know how one group 1 metal reacts, how can this information help you to predict how other group 1 metals will react and what products will form?
You can use the pattern of reactivity to predict how the other group 1 metals will react and the products that will form.
What happens to group 1 metals in moist air?
They tarnish
When group 1 metals are freshly cut, what is their appearance?
Shiny
What happens to group 1 metals shiny appearance in moist air?
They react with oxygen in moist air and tarnish as a metal oxide forms.
Why do group 1 metals tarnish in moist air?
They react with the oxygen and form metal oxides.
What is the affect of tarnishing as you go down group 1 metals?
The elements tarnish more quickly as you go down the group.
How are some group 1 metals stored to prevent the reaction with air?
In oil.
Which group 1 metals are stored in oil to prevent reaction with air?
Lithium, sodium and potassium
Which group 1 metals need to be stored under special conditions because of their reactivity?
Rubidium and caesium.
How are rubidium and caesium stored?
In sealed glass tubes under special conditions.
Why are rubidium and caesium stored in sealed glass tubes under special conditions?
Because they are very reactive.
What happens when alkali metals are put in water?
They react to produce a hydrogen gas and a metal hydroxide
What happens to the reaction with water as you go down group 1?
The elements become more reactive
Rubidium and caesium explode!
What is the rate of reaction?
The time taken for a lump of the same size of each element to react completely with the water and disappear
Which group 1 metal has the longest time of reaction?
Lithium, because it is the least reactive.
What reaction do you see for lithium and water?
Lithium moves slowly around the surface, fizzing until it disappears.
The water becomes alkaline
What reaction do you see for water and sodium?
Sodium fizzes rapidly and moves quickly around the surface, and may ignite.
What reaction do you see for water and potassium?
Potassium reacts vigorously, burns with a lilac flame and sometimes explodes.
For balanced symbol equations see p 23
.
How do group 1 metals react when heated in chlorine gas?
Vigorously
What products are the result of group 1 metals being heated in a chlorine gas?
White crystalline salts called metal chlorides.
What happens to the reaction when a group 1 metal is heated in chlorine gas as you go down the table?
The reaction with chlorine gets more vigorous
Which group 1 element will have the least vigorous reaction with chlorine gas? (1 mark)
Lithium
Give the balanced symbol equation for the reaction between rubidium and water. (2 marks)
2Rb + 2H O -> 2RbOH +H
2 2
(1 mark for correct reactants and products, 1 mark for correctly balanced equation)
