C2: Nationalism

Question 1

What is a Nation defined as?

Answer 1

A group of people who identify as such, bound together by tradition, history, religion, language, etc.

Question 2

What is a Nation-state?

Answer 2

A group who identify as a nation and have self-determination and sovereignty.

Question 3

What is self-determination?

Answer 3

A nation that decides how it is governed.

Question 4

What are the splits across different types of nationalism?

Answer 4

Rational vs. Irrational
Civic vs. Cultural
Inclusive vs. Exclusive
Progressive vs. Reactionary

Question 5

What subsections of Nationalism are considered rational, Civic, Inclusive, and Progressive?

Answer 5

Liberal, Anti/Post colonial

Question 6

What subsections of nationalism are considered irrational, Cultural, Exclusive, and reactionary?

Answer 6

Conservative, Expansionist

Question 7

What is the idea of Civic nationalism?

Answer 7

If you feel like you are a part of the nation & believe in the ideas that nation upholds, you are a member of that nation.

Question 8

What is the idea of culturalism?

Answer 8

The nation is a cultural identity due to its language, culture, and history. You cannot be part of a nation just because you speak the language.

Question 9

What is the idea of racialism?

Answer 9

Some races display superior qualities to others.

Question 10

What is the idea of Internationalism?

Answer 10

People should unite across international boundaries, and work together towards peace.

Question 11

What are the two subsections of internationalism?

Answer 11

Liberal internationalism - Create interdependency & peace across nations
Social internationalism - Nations are aritificial, only important distinctions are class-based.

Question 12

What is Liberal Nationalism?

Answer 12

A sub-section of nationalism that advocates the nation state as the only legitimate basis for government. Liberal Nationalists think the state should be inclusive, and anyone who shares the values of that nation should be welcomed. Peace & Prosperity can be achieved through interdependence.

Question 13

What is Conservative Nationalism?

Answer 13

A sub-section that advocates social cohesion through shared values. Shared social values create cohesion, and immigrants must therefore assimilate. Does not care for the self-determination of others.

Question 14

What is Anti & Post Colonial Nationalism?

Answer 14

Anti-Colonial - the rejection of colonial power, seeking establishment of independent nation state. Pushback against colonial power’s cultural assimilation
Post-Colonial - establishment of independent state after the colonial powers are gone. Often attracted to Socialism - rejection of Colonial values e.g. capitalism

Question 15

What is Expansionist Nationalism?

Answer 15

A subsection that beleives one nation is superior to another, and should exploit all inferior nations. Follows ideas of integral nationalism, e.g. the individual is submissive to the state.

Question 16

Who was Von Herder & what were his ideas?

Answer 16

Every nation has its own unique cultural character. Big on cultural identity & patriotism, closest link to Conservative Nationalism

Question 17

Who was Rosseau and what were his ideas?

Answer 17

Legitimate government of a nation-state requires active citizen participation. He beleived that the state should follow the general will of the community, and that the state is only legitimate if it follows this will. Kind of links to Liberal Nationalism, no clear subsection

Question 18

Who was Mazzini and what were his ideas?

Answer 18

People need nations to be free, and therefore Nationalism takes precedence over other causes. He regarded patriotism as a duty, and people united under nations. Links to Conservative Nationalism.

Question 19

Who was Maurras and what were his ideas?

Answer 19

Integral Nationalism - people should be subservient to the state & expansion of the state is justified. Strong links to Expansionist Nationalism.

Question 20

Who was Garvey and what were his ideas?

Answer 20

Garvey advocated a Black nation, that people needed to put aside their differences and work together in order to prove they were just as capable as the white man. Non-hostile to white people in ideology. Strong links with Anti & Post-colonial nationalism.

Question 21

What are different beliefs between Nationalists surrounding human nature?

Answer 21

Liberals beleive in individual rights
Conservatives beleive in shared values & cultural assimilation
Anti/Post colonialists beleive in shared values of new national communities.
Expansionists beleive in people subservient to the state.

Question 22

What are different beliefs of Nationalists surrounding the nation-state?

Answer 22

Liberal - only basis for legitimate govt
Conservative - creates social cohesion
Anti/Post colonial - Ends colonial exploitation
Expansionist - not all nations need statehood, only the strong.

Question 23

What are different beleifs of nationalists surrounding society?

Answer 23

Liberal - Civic Nationalism, inclusive society
Conservative - Culturalism, people need to assimilate
Anti/Post colonial - Inclusive, shared values of new nation
Expansionist - use of racialism to divide

Question 24

What are different beliefs of Nationalists surrounding the economy?

Answer 24

Liberal - Peace & Prosperity through interdependency
Conservative - Economic cooperation desirable to secure stability
Anti/Post colonial - Represented exploitation by western powers
Expansionist - other nations represent a threat, Autarky desirable.