C2

Question 1

Ionic Bonding

Answer 1

Between non metals and metals

Particles are oppositely charged ions

Question 2

Covalent Bonding

Answer 2

Between non-metals and non-metals

Particles are atoms which share pairs of electrons

Question 3

Metallic Bonding

Answer 3

In metallic elements and alloys

Particles are atoms which share delocalised electrons

Question 4

Ionic compounds

Answer 4

Ionic compounds have regular structures
called giant ionic lattices.

Strong electrostatic forces

High melting and boiling points

Conduct electricity

Question 5

Small molecules

Answer 5

They have weak forces between the molecules

Low melting and boiling points

Do not conduct electricity

Question 6

Polymers

Answer 6

Polymers are made up from many small reactive molecules that bond to each other to form long chains

Usually covalent bonds

The inter molecular forces between polymer molecules are relatively strong

Solid at room temp

Question 7

Covalent structures

Answer 7

All atoms within the structure are linked by strong covalent bonds. These bonds must be broken for a solid to melt or boil

Very high melting and boiling points

Do not conduct electricity

Question 8

Alloys

Answer 8

A metal mixed with other elements is called an alloy.

Alloys are harder than pure metals.

Alloys are made from two or more different metals.

Question 9

Fullerenes

Answer 9

Fullerenes are molecules of carbon with hollow shapes.

The structure is based on hexagonal rings of carbon atoms, but may have 5 or 7 carbon rings. The first to be discovered was Buckminsterfullerene (C60) which is spherical (like a football).