C1ARCH Flashcards
A curved structure for spanning an opening, designed to support a vertical load primarily by axial compression.
Arch
An arch constructed of individual stone or brick voussoirs.
Masonry arch
Any of the wedge-shaped units in a masonry arch or vault, having side cut converting at one of the arch centers.
Voussoir
The first voussoir resting on the impost of an arch.
Springer
The highest part or point of a convex construction, as an arch vault or roadway.
Keystone
Either side of an arch curving down from the crown to the impost.
Haunch
The uppermost part of an abutment,often in the form of a block,capital or molding from which an arch springs.
Impost
Any of several concentric rings of masonry forming an arch.esp. when each projects beyond the one below.
Order
An archway having sides or jams not at right angles with the face of its abutments.
Skew arch
The Wedge shaped often embellished voussoir at the crown of an arch, serving to lock other voussoirs in place.
Keystone
The exterior curve, surface or boundary of the visible face of an arch.also called back.
Extra-dos
A decorative molding or band on the face of an arch following the curve of the intra-dos.
Archivolt
The inner curve or surface of an arch forming the concave underside.
Intra-dos
The height of an arch from the springing line to thr highest point of Intra-dos.
Rise
The point at which an arch, vault or dome rises from its support.
Spring/ Springing
The Triangular-shaped, Sometimes ornamented area between the extrados of two adjoining arches, or between the left or right extrados of an arch and the rectangular framework surrounding it.
Spandrel/ Spandril
A crosspiece connecting the ribs in a centering.
Lag/ Bolster
A temporary framework for supporting a masonry arch or vault during construction until the work can support itself.
Centering
A board used as centering for a flat arch, slightly crowned to allow setting of the arch.
Camber piece/ camber slip
A arch shaped to develope only axial compression under a given loading. This shape may be found by inverting the funicular shape for a cable carrying a similar loading pattern.
Funicular arch (is subjected to bending is loading pattern changes) Inverted Catenary- an arch carrying a vertical load uniformly distributed along the length of the arch axis. The Parabola-an arch carrying a vertical load uniformly distributed over its horizontal projection.
The manner in which an arch transforms the vertical forces of a supported load into inclined components and transmit them to abutments on either side of archway.
Arch Action
The median line of an arched structure.
Arch axis.
The set of resultants of thrust and weight each part of an arch imposes on the next lower one.
Line of thrust ( For bending to be eliminated throughout an arch, the line of thrust must coincide with the arch axis.)
The outward force or pressure exerted by one part of a structure against another.
Thrust
The thrust of an arched structure on its abutments, proportion to the total load and span and inversely proportional to the rise.
Drift
An arched structure of timber, steel or reinforced concrete, constructed as a rigid body capable of carrying bending stresses.
Rigid arch
A fixed frame structure having a arched form.
Fixed arch
A two hinged frame structure having an arched form.
Two-hinged arch
A three hinged frame structure having an arched form.
Three-hinged arch.
The part of a structure receiving and supporting the thrust of an arch,vault or strut.
Abutment
An iron or steel rod serving as an structural tie, esp. one keeping the lower ends of an arch or frame from spreading.
Tie road
An arch having a horizontal intrados with vaoussoirs radiating from a center below, often built with a slight camber to allow for settling.
Flat arch/ Jack arch
A flat arch having vaussoirs inclined to the same angle on each side of the center.
French arch.
A primitive from of an arch consisting of two stones laid diagonally to support each other over an opening.
Triangular arch
A false arch constructed by corbeling courses from each side of an opening until they meet at a midpoint where a capstone is laid to complete the work. The stepped reveals may be smoothed, but no arch action is effected.
Corbel arch
An arch having a continuously curved intrados, esp. a semicircular one.
Round arch
An arch having a semi circular intrados.
Roman arch
An arch struck from one or more centers below the springing line.
Segmented arch
A stone or course of masonry having a sloping face against which the end of a segmental arch restes.
Skewback
An arch having one impost higher than the other.
Rampant arch
An arch resting on imposts treated as downward continuations of the archivolt.
Stilted arch
A round arch resting on two large corbels with curved faces.
Bell arch
An arch having an itrados that widen above the springing before narrowing to a rounded crown.
Horse shoe arch / Moorish arch
An arch having a cusped intrados with three round or pointed foils.
Trefoil arch
A three-centered arch having a crown with a radius much greater than that of the outer pair of curves.
Basket-handled arch/ Anse de panier
An arch having pointed crown.
Pointed arch
A pointed arch having two centers and radius equal to the span.
Equilateral arch
A pointed arch having two centers and radius greater than the span.
Lancet Arch
A pointed arch having two centers and radius less than the span.
Drop arch
An arch having rise less than half the span.
Surbased arch
A pointed arch each haunch of which is a double curve with concave side uppermost.
Ogee arch
A four centered arch having an inner pair of curves with a radius much greater than that of the outer pair.
Tudor arch
