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GCSE AQA Chemistry (old spec) > C1.5 Products From Oil > Flashcards

C1.5 Products From Oil Flashcards

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1
Q

What’s the general formula for alkenes?

A

CnH(2n)

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2
Q

Draw propene

A

Look it up :)

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3
Q

How do you test for alkenes?

A

Bromine water goes from orange to colourless

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4
Q

Define monomer

A

Small reactive molecules (alkene)

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5
Q

Define polymer

A

A long chain of monomers joined together

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6
Q

What do you need to change an alkene into a polymer? What’s this reaction called?

A

High pressure and a high temp catalyst

Polymerisation

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7
Q

Draw the reaction of the polymerisation of propene.

A

Look it up :)

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8
Q

What are the 5 steps of getting plastic?

A
  1. Crude oil is pumped from the ground
  2. Crude oil is separated into useful fractions by fractional distillation
  3. Longer alkanes are collected further down the fractioning column
  4. The longer alkanes can be broken down into smaller alkenes by cracking
  5. Plastics can be formed by polymerisation of the alkenes
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9
Q

What’s polyethene used for?

A

Plastic bags and bottles

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10
Q

What polypropene used for?

A

Crates and ropes

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11
Q

Name a natural polymer

A

Silk

Rubber

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12
Q

What’s a smart polymer?

A

Polymers that change in response to changes in their environment.
Eg. Stitches that tighten with body temperature and dissolve in water

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13
Q

What are hydro gels

A

They’re smart polymers that absorb water eg. Nappies

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14
Q

What are problems from plastic?

A

Litter
Air pollution
Not biodegradable
Hurts animals

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15
Q

What three things happens to plastics when thrown away?

A

Go to a landfill site
End up in the ocean
Recycled

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16
Q

Define biodegradable

A

Can be broken down by microorganisms

17
Q

Give an example of a biodegradable plastic

A

Poly-lactic acid which is made of corn starch which is renewable and biodegradable

18
Q

What can you add to plastic to make it more biodegradable?

A

Granules of starch

19
Q

What are some problems with corn plastic?

A

Takes a while to grow corn

Expensive

20
Q

What are the pros and cons of burning plastic?

A

Pros: quick, releases useful energy, cheap, carbon neutral

Cons: air pollution, produces toxic gases, non-renewable

21
Q

What are the pros and cons of reusing plastic?

A

Pros: less pollution, saves energy, conserves crude oil, reduces landfill waste

Cons: takes a while to sort, litter, harms wildlife, may still end up in landfill

22
Q

What are the pros and cons of recycling plastic?

A

Pros: less pollution, reuses plastic, can make other products, reduces landfill waste

Cons: takes a long time to sort out, worse quality, trucks need which contribute to air pollution, takes a lot of space

23
Q

What are the pros and cons of rotting plastic?

A

Pros: no labour cost, doesn’t cost anything, convenient, bio plastics are made from plants, renewable source

Cons: landfill, needs land to grow, takes 1000 years to degrade, habitats destroyed

24
Q

What is alcohol?

A

A group of organic compounds

25
Q

What’s the alcohol we drink?

A

Ethanol

26
Q

What’s the general formula for an alcohol?

A

CnH2n+1OH

27
Q

What are the uses for ethanol?

A 
Fuel
Drinks
Perfume
Antiseptics
Cleaning products
28
Q

What are the two ways of making ethanol?

A

Fermentation with yeast

Hydration of ethene

29
Q

What are the steps for fermentation with yeast?

A

Enzymes in yeast break down the sugar into ethanol and carbon dioxide gas

Sugar –yeast-> ethanol + carbon dioxide

30
Q

What are the steps for hydration of ethene?

A

Ethene + steam –catalyst-> ethanol

Requires heat and high pressure

31
Q

What’s the symbol equation for ethanol?

A

C2H5OH

32
Q

What are the pros and cons of fermentation with yeast?

A

Pros - less energy, waste plant material can be used, carbon neutral, less fuel needed

Cons: takes a while to grow, increases food prices, batch process, takes up land, ethanol is impure

33
Q

What are the pros and cons of hydration of ethene?

A

Pros: cheap, lots of crude oil, continuous process, produces no waste products, fast, ethanol is pure

Cons: non-renewable, needs lots of energy, high pressure needed, releases locked up CO2 in the atmosphere, risk of major oil spillage

34
Q

What catalyst is used to crack hydrocarbons in the lab?

A

Ceramic pot

GCSE AQA Chemistry (old spec) (13 decks)

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