C1.2 Rocks And Building Materials Flashcards
What is limestone?
A sedimentary rock
Calcium carbonate
What are economic issues with quarries?
Tourist numbers will decrease meaning shops get a lesser profit
Limestone companies gain money, however.
What are the social impacts of quarries?
Tourists and the local area will suffer from noise pollution and the mess around the site.
Local area could receive compensation which boosts their economic status. Also jobs are created.
What are the environmental impacts of quarries?
Destroys habitats and wildlife suffers. Food chains are destroyed.
Noise and air pollution
Gets rid of old habitats or could develop new plants
What is the chemical formula of limestone?
CaCO3
What is limestone used for?
Buildings
Roads
Neutralises acidic soils and lakes
Glass of heated with sand and sodium carbonate.
How is cement made?
Heating together limestone and clay in a rotary kiln
How is concrete made?
Cement, sand, aggregate and water
How do you make mortar?
Cement, sand and water
What does calcium carbonate produce when heated?
What type of reaction is this?
Calcium oxide and carbon dioxide
CaCO3-> CaO + CO2
Thermal decomposition
How is calcium oxide produced?
Industrially using a lime kiln
Kiln rotates to ensure that the limestone is mixed with hot air.
Why does limewater turn cloudy when carbon dioxide is produced?
Calcium carbonate reacts as its a solid. Solid particles of insoluble calcium carbonate are formed as its a precipitate
What’s a precipitate?
A suspended solid in a solution but light can’t pass through it.
Metal carbonate + acid ->
Salt + water + carbon dioxide
Ca(OH)2 + CO2 ->
CaCO3 + H2O
Hydrochloric acid + sodium carbonate ->
Sodium chloride + carbon dioxide + water
What are the chemical equations for the limestone cycle?
CaCO3 -> CaO + CO2
CaO + H2O -> Ca(OH)2
Ca(OH)2 + CO2 -> CaCO3 + H2O
What is slaked lime?
Lime mortar
Calcium hydroxide solution
What is quick lime?
Calcium oxide
What are the advantages of quarrying limestone?
Collects a lot of building material
Makes lots of jobs
A leisure centre can be made afterwards
Educational for school trips
Unused soil can be used for resoiling areas and planting
More money can be made from using materials
Provides farming chemicals
What are the disadvantages of quarrying limestone?
Carbon dioxide contributes to acid rain
Noise pollution
A lot of dust gathers up
Scares wildlife
Doesn’t look very appealing - tourists are unattracted to the area
Lots of lorries come to area, more pollution, more traffic
Can be dangerous for the local community
