C14 The Earths recources Flashcards
What is a renewable resource
Something that can be replaced
What is a finite resource
Something we cannot replace
Being used up faster than it can be replaced
What are the 2 ways to make ethanol
Fermentation
Hydration of Ethene
Describe the process of making ethanol through fermentation
Sugar cane is harvested
It is then crushed and yeast is added for fermentation to take place
This takes 3 takes
Describe the process of making ethanol through hydration of ethene
Ethene is obtained through fractional distillation of oil
It is then hydrated using steam and a catalyst at high temperatures
Reaction is fast and can be done continuously
What is potable water
Water that is safe to drink but still contains mineral ions
How is water made safe to drink
It is screened to remove large objects
Then filtered to remove smaller objects
The sand and chlorine settle
The water is sterilised using chlorine/ ozone/ UV light
What are the 2 methods of desalination
Distillation
Reverse osmosis
What is desalination
The process of removing sodium chloride-salt-from water
What harmful thing can be found in agricultural water waste
Organic matter
Harmful microbes
Pesticides/Fertilisers
What harmful things can be found in industrial waste water
Organic matter
Harmful chemicals
How is sewage treated
The sewage arrives at the pumping station
It is screened to remove large solid objects
Primary sedimentation occurs where solid sediment settles and is removed by large rotating paddles
Secondary sedimentation occurs where useful bacteria feed on remaining matter and break them down aerobically
Tank is aerated by bubbling air through the waste water
What are the 2 methods of extracting copper from copper rich ores
1-Sulfuric acid is used to produce copper sulphate solution before extracting the copper metal
2-Smelting-Copper ore is heated to a high temperature in a furnace with air to produce impure copper
What are the 2 methods of extracting copper from low grade copper ores
Phytomining
Bioleaching
What is Phytomining
Plants that can absorb copper ion are planted in soil containing low grade copper ores
The plants are burned and copper is extracted from copper compounds in the ash
