C1.2 Cell Respiration

Question 1

Describe the structure of ATP

Answer 1

• 3 phosphate groups
• 1 ribose sugar
• adenine

Question 2

What makes ATP suitable for the use as an energy currency within cells?

Answer 2

It is an immediate source of energy

Question 3

What are some cellular processes that require use of ATP?

Answer 3

• synthesizing DNA
• active transport
• move things around in cells

Question 4

What is phosphorylation

Answer 4

Process of adding a phosphate to a molecule

Question 5

ATP = ? + ?

Answer 5

ADP + Pi (phosphate)

Question 6

What process does ATP go through?

Answer 6

Hydrolysis

Question 7

Where does anaerobic respiration occur?

Answer 7

Cytoplasm

Question 8

Where does aerobic respiration occur?

Answer 8

• cytoplasm
• mitochondria

Question 9

What is the ATP yield for aerobic respiration

Answer 9

36

Question 10

What is the ATP yield for anaerobic respiration?

Answer 10

2

Question 11

What is an electron carrier?

Answer 11

A molecule that transports electrons from one place to another

Question 12

What equipment measures rate of respiration?

Answer 12

Respirometer

Question 13

State the mitochondria parts

Answer 13

• outer membrane
• inner membrane
• inter membrane space
• matrix
• cristae

Question 14

What is the waste product in aerobic respiration?

Answer 14

Water and carbon dioxide

Question 15

What is waste product is anaerobic respiration?

Answer 15

Lactic acid/ lactate

Question 16

What is the 1st step of aerobic respiration?

Answer 16

Glycolysis

Question 17

Where does glycolysis take place?

Answer 17

In the cytoplasm

Question 18

What is the net gain after glycolysis?

Answer 18

2 ATP

Question 19

What are the products formed at the end of glycolysis?

Answer 19

• 2 ATP
• 2 pyruvate (from glucose)
• 2 NADH (reduced NAD)

Question 20

Does glycolysis occur in aerobic or anaerobic?

Answer 20

Both

Question 21

What is stage 2 of aerobic respiration called?

Answer 21

Links reaction

Question 22

Where does the links reaction take place?

Answer 22

Mitochondria

Question 23

What are the products formed during links reaction?

Answer 23

• 2 ATP
• 2 acetyl CoA (from 2 pyruvate)
• Carbon dioxide removed as a waste product

Question 24

What is stage 3 of aerobic respiration called?

Answer 24

Krebs cycle

Question 25

Where does the Krebs cycle take place?

Answer 25

Mitochondrial matrix

Question 26

What are the products formed during Krebs cycle?

Answer 26

• 6 reduced NAD
• 2 ATP
• 2 FAD
• released 6 carbon dioxide molecules

Question 27

What is the product of fermentation in yeast?

Answer 27

Ethanol & carbon dioxide

Question 28

Where does oxidative phosphorylation occur?

Answer 28

Inner mitochondrial membrane (IMM)

Question 29

How much ATP is generated during oxidative phosphorylation?

Answer 29

34

Question 30

What is chemiosmosis?

Answer 30

A process in which cells make ATP using the movement of protons across a membrane

Question 31

What is ATP synthase?

Answer 31

An enzyme that produces ATP by using the energy from protons flowing across the membrane

Question 32

What is the equation for anaerobic respiration?

Answer 32

C6H1206 (glucose) —> 2C3H603 (lactic acid) + 2ATP

Question 33

What is the equation for aerobic respiration?

Answer 33

C6H12O6 (glucose) + 6CO2 (oxygen) = 6CO2 + 6H2O +ATP