C1.2 Cell Respiration Flashcards
Describe the structure of ATP
- 3 phosphate groups
- 1 ribose sugar
- adenine
What makes ATP suitable for the use as an energy currency within cells?
It is an immediate source of energy
What are some cellular processes that require use of ATP?
- synthesizing DNA
- active transport
- move things around in cells
What is phosphorylation
Process of adding a phosphate to a molecule
ATP = ? + ?
ADP + Pi (phosphate)
What process does ATP go through?
Hydrolysis
Where does anaerobic respiration occur?
Cytoplasm
Where does aerobic respiration occur?
- cytoplasm
- mitochondria
What is the ATP yield for aerobic respiration
36
What is the ATP yield for anaerobic respiration?
2
What is an electron carrier?
A molecule that transports electrons from one place to another
What equipment measures rate of respiration?
Respirometer
State the mitochondria parts
- outer membrane
- inner membrane
- inter membrane space
- matrix
- cristae
What is the waste product in aerobic respiration?
Water and carbon dioxide
What is waste product is anaerobic respiration?
Lactic acid/ lactate
What is the 1st step of aerobic respiration?
Glycolysis
Where does glycolysis take place?
In the cytoplasm
What is the net gain after glycolysis?
2 ATP
What are the products formed at the end of glycolysis?
- 2 ATP
- 2 pyruvate (from glucose)
- 2 NADH (reduced NAD)
Does glycolysis occur in aerobic or anaerobic?
Both
What is stage 2 of aerobic respiration called?
Links reaction
Where does the links reaction take place?
Mitochondria
What are the products formed during links reaction?
- 2 ATP
- 2 acetyl CoA (from 2 pyruvate)
- Carbon dioxide removed as a waste product
What is stage 3 of aerobic respiration called?
Krebs cycle
Where does the Krebs cycle take place?
Mitochondrial matrix
What are the products formed during Krebs cycle?
- 6 reduced NAD
- 2 ATP
- 2 FAD
- released 6 carbon dioxide molecules
What is the product of fermentation in yeast?
Ethanol & carbon dioxide
Where does oxidative phosphorylation occur?
Inner mitochondrial membrane (IMM)
How much ATP is generated during oxidative phosphorylation?
34
What is chemiosmosis?
A process in which cells make ATP using the movement of protons across a membrane
What is ATP synthase?
An enzyme that produces ATP by using the energy from protons flowing across the membrane
What is the equation for anaerobic respiration?
C6H1206 (glucose) —> 2C3H603 (lactic acid) + 2ATP
What is the equation for aerobic respiration?
C6H12O6 (glucose) + 6CO2 (oxygen) = 6CO2 + 6H2O +ATP
