C11: Polymers Flashcards
what is the most important thing made of crude oil
polymers
one small molecule is called a
monomer
a group of molecules is called a
polymer
structure of polymer word
poly(monomer)
e.g. poly(ethene)
how do monomers join together
the double carbon bond in alkenes opens up and attaches to a carbon of another monomer.
what do we call a reaction where monomers join to form a polymer, and what is the polymer called
addition polymerisation, forming an addition polymer
what are the two products in condensation polymers
polymer, small molecule (commonly water or hydrogen chloride)
what are the two monomers created from condensation polymerisation
-one with certain functional groups at each end
-one with different functional groups at it ends.
how to form a polyester
-one alcohol monomer with an -OH group at each end
-one carboxylic acid monomer with a -COOH group at each end
-polymerise by ‘ester links’ and form a water molecule and polyester
how to form a nylon
beaker
monomer a in the bottom
monomer b on top gently
pull a thread with tweezers and wrap it around a test tube
what elements do carbohydrates contain
carbon, oxygen and hydrogen
what kind of polymers do monosaccharides make
polysaccharides (made of many sugar molecules)
what two types of polymer can glucose form
starch and cellulose (water by-product)
second example of natural polymer
proteins
what are protein monomers
amino acids
what are the two amino acid functional groups
basic -NH(2)
acidic -COOH
simplest amino acid
glycine
DNA is another example of what
natural polymer
what are DNA’s monomers
nucleotides (water by-product)
how are the two DNA polymer strands held together
intermolecular forces down each length
