C11- intro to organic chemistry

Question 1

how many bonds does carbon have

Answer 1

4

Question 2

what is a functional group

Answer 2

a group of atoms responsible for the characteristic reactions of a compound

Question 3

whats a homologous series

Answer 3

a group of compounds with the same functional group

Question 4

name the six types of formulae

Answer 4

molecular, empirical, displayed, structural, skeletal and general

Question 5

what is a molecular formula

Answer 5

the actual number of atoms of each element in a compound

Question 6

what is a displayed formula

Answer 6

all atoms and all covalent bonds are shown

Question 7

what is a structural formula

Answer 7

shows arrangement of atoms wothout showijg the bonds

Question 8

what does it mean is a group is in brackets in the structural formlula

Answer 8

it is not part of the main carbon chain

Question 9

what is an empirical formula

Answer 9

the simplest ratio of elements in a compound

Question 10

what is not shown in the skeletal formula

Answer 10

carbon and hydrogen atoms

Question 11

what is a general formula

Answer 11

type of empirical formlula that represents all compounds in a homologous series

Question 12

what is the general formula for alkanes

Answer 12

CnH2+2

Question 13

whats general formula for alkenes

Answer 13

CnH2n

Question 14

whats general formula for alcohols

Answer 14

CnH2+10H

Question 15

what does X nornally represent

Answer 15

a halogen

Question 16

what dies the syllable ane mean

Answer 16

only single bonds

Question 17

give structural formula for:

1) methyl
2) ethyl
3) propyl

Answer 17

1) CH3
2) CH2CH3
3) CH2CH2CH3

Question 18

what is a locant

Answer 18

number used to indicate position if a substituent

Question 19

what order are substiuents written in

Answer 19

alphabetical order

Question 20

functional geoup in order of increasing priority:

h____________e
a____e
a___e
a_____l
k____e
a______e
n_____e
a__l c______e
e___r
c________c -a___d

Answer 20

halogenoalkane
alkene
amine
alcohol
ketone
aldehyde
nitrile
acyl chloride
ester
carboxylic acid

Question 21

carboxylic acid:

Answer 21

-oic acid

R - C - OH
||
O

Question 22

ester:

Answer 22

-oate

  O
 || R - C - O - n

Question 23

acyl chloride:

Answer 23

-oyl chloride

  O
 || R - C - Cl

Question 24

nitrile:

Answer 24

-nitrile

C
|||
N

Question 25

aldehyde:

Answer 25

-al

 O
 || R - C - H

Question 26

ketone:

Answer 26

-one

 O
 || R - C - R

Question 27

alcohol:

Answer 27

-ol

? - OH

Question 28

amine:

Answer 28

-amine

R - NH2

Question 29

alkene:

Answer 29

-ene

C=C

Question 30

what are structural isomers

Answer 30

compounds with same molecular formula but different arrangement if atoms

Question 31

name three tyoes of structural isomerism

Answer 31

chain
position
functional group

Question 32

positional isomers

Answer 32

compounds with same functional geoup at diff locations on the carbon chain

Question 33

functional group isomers

Answer 33

compounds woth same molecular formula but diff functional groups

Question 34

chain isomers

Answer 34

compounds eith different ways if arranging carbon atoms in the longest chain

Question 35

what are stereoisomers

Answer 35

compounds with same molecular and structural formula but a different 3D arrangement in space

Question 36

two tyoes of stereoisomers

Answer 36

E and Z optical isomers

Question 37

what is an aliphatic compound and what letter represents it?

Answer 37

hydrocarbon molecules with a single double or triple bond, R

Question 38

what is an aromatic compound

Answer 38

organic compounds whoch contain a delocalised ring of electrins

Question 39

example of aromatic compound

Answer 39

benzene