C10 Organic Reactions Flashcards
What are hydrocarbons?
Hydrocarbons are organic compounds made entirely of hydrogen and carbon.
True or False: All hydrocarbons are derived from fossil fuels.
False
What is the general formula for alkanes?
C_nH_(2n+2)
Fill in the blank: Alkenes contain at least one _______ bond.
double
What type of hydrocarbon is benzene?
Aromatic hydrocarbon
Which of the following is a saturated hydrocarbon? (a) Ethene (b) Propane (c) Butyne
b) Propane
What is the main characteristic of unsaturated hydrocarbons?
They contain at least one double or triple bond.
What is the formula for cycloalkanes?
C_nH_(2n)
True or False: Alkanes are more reactive than alkenes.
False
What is the process of breaking down larger hydrocarbons into smaller ones called?
Cracking
Name two methods of cracking hydrocarbons.
Thermal cracking and catalytic cracking.
What is the main product of complete combustion of hydrocarbons?
Carbon dioxide and water.
What are isomers?
Compounds with the same molecular formula but different structural formulas.
What is the significance of the octane number?
It measures the quality of petrol and its resistance to knocking.
Fill in the blank: The simplest alkene is ______.
Ethene
What is a functional group in hydrocarbons?
A specific group of atoms that determine the characteristics and reactions of a compound.
True or False: Hydrocarbons can be found in natural gas.
True
What are the two main categories of hydrocarbons?
Aliphatic and aromatic.
What is the primary use of hydrocarbons in everyday life?
Fuel for energy and as raw materials in the chemical industry.
What type of bond do alkynes contain?
Triple bond
Which hydrocarbon is known for its strong odor and is used as a fuel?
Methane
What is the formula for butane?
C4H10
True or False: Hydrocarbons can exist in solid, liquid, and gas states.
True
What is the main environmental concern associated with the combustion of hydrocarbons?
Production of greenhouse gases and air pollutants.
What is an alkyl group?
A hydrocarbon substituent derived from an alkane by removing one hydrogen atom.
Fill in the blank: The process of _______ involves the addition of hydrogen to unsaturated hydrocarbons.
Hydrogenation
