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Chemistry Paper 2 > C10: Organic Reactions > Flashcards

C10: Organic Reactions Flashcards

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1
Q

What are alkenes?

A

Hydrocarbons with a double C=C bond

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2
Q

Why are alkenes unsaturated?

A

They contain at least 1 double bond with C=C double bond

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3
Q

What is the functional group for alcohols?

A

-OH

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4
Q

What is the general formula for alcohols

A

CnH2n+1OH

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5
Q

What are the properties of alcohols that are small molecules?

A

Flammable, soluble and can be oxidised

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6
Q

What are the uses of alcohols?

A

Fuels, and solvents as they can dissolve things water can’t, for example, hydrocarbons and lipid compounds (fats and oils)

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7
Q

Where can esters be found and why?

A

In perfumes because they are volatile and have fruity and sweet scents

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8
Q

How are esters formed?

A

Reacting a carboxylic acid with an alcohol

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9
Q

How does the carboxylic acid and alcohol react to form an ester?

A

The carboxylic acid loses the OH and the alcohol loses the H to form water as a by product

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10
Q

Why are alkanes saturated compounds?

A

Because they have 4 single covalent bonds; no double

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11
Q

What is produced when an alkene reacts with hydrogen?

A

An alkane

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12
Q

What is produced when an alkene reacts with water?

A

An alcohol

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13
Q

What conditions are needed for alkenes to react with water?

A

High temperatures and catalyst

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14
Q

Why is it easy to separate ethanol from ethene?

A

It has a relatively low boiling point, so can be cooled

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15
Q

What is produced when an alkene reacts with bromine?

A

Dibromoethane

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16
Q

What is produced when an alcohol reacts with oxygen?

A

Carboxylic acid

17
Q

What are 3 uses of ethanol?

A

Chemical feedstock, a biofuel and used in alcoholic drinks

18
Q

What are advantages and disadvantages of ethanol?

A

Ethene is cheap and reaction is efficient. However, ethene is from crude oil which is non-renewable

19
Q

What is the reaction for fermentation?

A

Glucose - ethanol and carbon dioxide

20
Q

What are advantages and disadvantages of fermentation?

A

Glucose is renewable and yeast is easy to grow, however the process can be slow. Ethanol produced isn’t pure; fractional distillation is required

21
Q

What type of acids are carboxylic acids?

A

Weak

22
Q

Does the COO link have a double bond?

A

Yes

Chemistry Paper 2 (8 decks)

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