C10-Organic Chemistry

Question 1

What are functional groups

Answer 1

A group of atoms within an organic compound that give that compound it’s unique chemical and physical properties

Question 2

What is an example if a functional group

Answer 2

For example the difference between an alkane and an alkene is the double bond in the alkene.This double bond is an example of a functional group as it gives ethene different features to ethane and makes it unique

Question 3

Why are alkanes less reactive than alkenes

Answer 3

They have single bonds which are more stable than the alkenes double bonds which allow for other atoms to join

Question 4

What is a homologous series

Answer 4

Its a group of organic compounds that have the same functional group

Question 5

What is an example of a homologous series

Answer 5

All the alkanes as they have the same functional group and along with this hwve similar chemical properties and trends in physica properties

Question 6

What is the general formula of alkanes

Answer 6

CnN2n+2

Question 7

What is the general formula for alkenes

Answer 7

CnH2n

Question 8

What is methane used for

Answer 8

Cooking as it’s natural gas

Question 9

Why are alkenes molecules unsaturated

Answer 9

Because they have 2 less hydrogen atoms than the alkane with the same amount of carbon atoms

Question 10

What are the products of combusting alkanes

Answer 10

Carbon dioxide and water

Question 11

What are the products of combusting alkenes

Answer 11

Carbon dioxide,water and unburnt carbon particles due to incomplete combustion

Question 12

What happens when alkenes react with hydrogen

Answer 12

The carbon to carbon double bond is converted to a single bond and the 2 hydrogen attach to allow for an alkane to be created

Question 13

What are the products if you react an alkene with hydrogen

Answer 13

An alkane is created

Question 14

What is created when you react ethene with water

Answer 14

Ethane (an alcohol)

Question 15

What form must the water be in and what pressure and temperature during the reaction of water with alkenes (hydration)

Answer 15

Steam,300 degrees,70 atmospheres

Question 16

What is used as a catalyst in hydration

Answer 16

Phosphoric acid

Question 17

How do you increase the yield of ethanol in a hydration reaction between ethene and steam

Answer 17

Due to the reaction being reversible,any unreacted ethene and steam is passed back through the catalyst

Question 18

What happens when an alkene reacts with a halogen

Answer 18

The double carbon to carbon bond turns to a single one and connects to the halogens

Question 19

What is alcohols functional group

Answer 19

OH

Question 20

What is the general formula of alcohols

Answer 20

CnH2n+1 OH

Question 21

What are the properties of alcohols

Answer 21

They are flammable,soluble and can be oxidised

Question 22

What are the uses of alcohols

Answer 22

They can be used as fuels and solvents

Question 23

What are the uses of alcohols

Answer 23

They can be used as fuels and solvents

Question 24

What are condensation polymers made from

Answer 24

Monomers with two functional groups

Question 25

What is formed from monomers with two alcohol groups and other with two carboxylic acid groups

Answer 25

A polymer

Question 26

When monomers with an alcohol functional group and carboxylic acid functional group react together what do they form

Answer 26

Ester links

Question 27

When monomers with two amino functional groups and two carboxylic acid functional groups react together what do they form

Answer 27

Amide links