[C1] The particular nature of matter Flashcards
Describe particles in a solid [1]
Particles only vibrate about fixed positions, regular structure
Describe particles in a liquid [1]
Particles can move around each other collide often
Describe particles in a gas [1]
Particles move freely and at random in all directions, collide less often than in liquid
Explain what happens to the temperature during melting
The temperature stays constant as energy is used to weaken the intermolecular forces and change the substance from a solid to a liquid
Define an atom
The smallest part of an element
Describe a molecule
A group of atoms covalently bonded together
Define an ion
A charged particle (eg. Na+)
Describe diffusion
The process by which different liquids & gases mix as a result of random motions.
Explain the factors that affect diffusion [2]
The higher the temperature the faster the rate of diffusion. The greater the molecular mass the slower the rate of diffusion.
The energy of particles is highest in ____
gases
Solid to Liquid is called …
Melting
Liquid to gas is called …
Boiling
Gas to liquid is called …
condensation
Liquid to solid is called …
Freezing
Explain why the temperature stays constant during vaporisation
The energy is used to break the intermolecular forces
