C1 Main Stuff Flashcards
Type of biopsy that works by removing only a portion of the lesion
Incisional biopsy
Type of biopsy That works by removing the entire lesion
Excisional biopsy
Type of biopsy that works by removing a small tissue sample
Oligo biopsy
Type of biopsy that works By removing a thin core of tissue
Core needle biopsy
Type of biopsy that works by scraping tissue
Curettings
Fixative agent used routinely in histo pathology
Formaldehyde (formaline)
A fixative agent used routinely in cytopathology, it causes tissue to shrink and brittleness
Alcohol (ethanol 95%)
A fixative agent used in electron microscopy- tissue needs to be thin due to poor penetration and the tissue loses its antigenicity
Glutaraldehyde
Fixative agent used for biopsy of the kidney bone marrow lymph nodes and testicles
Zenker’s fluid
The most common combination of dyes used histopathology histopathology
Hematoxylin and eosin
Basic and positively charged dye
Hematoxylin
Acidic and negatively charged dye
Eosin
Dye used to identify bacteria like H.pylori and spiochetes
Warthin starrry
Dye used to identify helicobacter pylori
Giemsa
Dye used to identify acid fast bacteria (mycobacterium)
Ziehl neelson
Dye used to identify fungi
Grocery (or gromori) mtheneamine silver
Dye used to identify neutral mucins, glycogen, basement membrane and fungi
Perodic acid schiff (PAS)
Dye used to identify acid mucins (eg in intestinal goblet cells)
Alcian blue
Dye used to identify collagen
Masson’s trichrome
Dye to identify reticulin network in liver and pituitary gland
Reticulin
Dye used to identify fat in unfixed tissue
Oil-red
Dye used to identify amyloid under polarized light
Congo red
Dye used commonly in cytopathology like in cervical smears
Papnicolaou
Marker in epithelial cells
Cytokeratins
Marker in cells of mesynchymal origin
Vimentin
Marker in smooth muscle cells
SMA
Marker in leukocytes
CD45(LCA)
Marker in T lymphocytes
CD3
Marker in B lymphocytes
CD20
Marker in Macrophages
CD68
Marker in plasma cells
CD138
Marker in endothelial cells
CD31 and CD34
Markers in Neuroendocrine cells
Synaptophysin, chromogranin and CD56
Markers in melanocytes
HMB45 and Melan-A
Marker of intestine
CDX2
Marker in the thyroid gland and lungs
TTF-1
Marker in female genitalia tract
ER and PR
Marker in prostate
PSA
Marker in glial cells
GFAP
Marker in myoepithelial/basal cells of the breast and prostate
P63
Marker in proliferating (mitotically active) cells
Ki-67
Shape or cells in oligodendroglioma
Fried eggs
Shape of nuclei in granulosa cell tumour
Coffee beans
arrangement of cells in lobular breast carcinoma
Indian file
architectural pattern in fibrosarcoma
herringbone
stag horns
blood vessels in hemangiopericytoma
(blood vessels in oligodendroglioma
chicken wire
cells in gastric adenocarcinoma
signet rings
cells in angiosarcoma
hobnails
fence-like arrangement of cells e.g. in schwannoma
palisades
(cells arranged around a central point e.g. in retinoblastoma or medulloblastoma)
rosettes
