C1:Consolidation of Power

Question 1

What was HVII also known as?

Answer 1

Henry Tudor, Earl of Richmond

Question 2

When did Henry become king?

Answer 2

22 AUG 1485 at the Battle of Bosworth

Question 3

When was the Battle of Bosworth?

Answer 3

22 AUG 1485

Question 4

Why was HVII’s claim to the throne weak?

Answer 4

Female family line- John Beaufort who was seen as illegitimate

Question 5

Why was it important for HVII to consolidate his power?

Answer 5

There were many Yorkist gentry who wanted him to have a similar fate to Richard

Question 6

Why did the public accept HVII?

Answer 6

They were pleased to see Richard’s death

Question 7

Why was HVII’s experience as a fugitive useful?

Answer 7

Tamed him and taught him to hide his feelings and veil his purposes.

Question 8

Who was Edward (Earl of Warwick

Answer 8

He was the son of Edward IV’s brother (Duke of Clarence) he was placed in the tower in 1485 and was beheaded in 1499

Question 9

How did HVII consolidate his power by dating his reign?

Answer 9

Dated his reign from the 21 AUG 1485, anyone supported the Yorkists at the Battle of Bosworth can be deemed a traitor

Question 10

How did HVII publicly consolidate his power?

Answer 10

Conferred 11 knighthoods.

Question 11

How did HVII consolidate his power with the Earl of Warwick?

Answer 11

He had him detained because he had a stronger claim to the throne than Henry

Question 12

How did Henry consolidate his power with the Council and Household?

Answer 12

He made key appointments: -Sir Reginald Bray was appointed the Duchy of Lancaster -Sir William Stanley was the Chamberlain of the Household

Question 13

Why did HVII make sure he was coronated before his first meeting with Parliament?

Answer 13

To show that his right to the throne was hereditary and not because Parliament has sanctioned it

Question 14

When was HVII coronated?

Answer 14

30 OCT 1485

Question 15

When was HVII’s first Parliament?

Answer 15

7 NOV 1485

Question 16

How did HVII consolidate his power with the Parliamentary Acts of Attainder?

Answer 16

Had them against the Yorkists who fought against hin and ensured that their property was forfeit to the Crown

Question 17

How did HVII initially increase royal income?

Answer 17

Acts of Attainder against Yorkists and Parliament granted him the customs revenue of tonnage & poundage for life

Question 18

How did HVII consolidate his power through marriage?

Answer 18

Married Elizabeth of York-uniting the two houses

Question 19

Why did Henry wait to marry Elizabeth of York?

Answer 19

He needed to make sure that it was clear that his assumption of the crown was not based on his wife’s claim to the throne

Question 20

When did HVII marry Elizabeth of York?

Answer 20

16 JAN 1486

Question 21

When was Prince Arthur born?

Answer 21

SEP 1486

Question 22

When was the Viscount Lovell & Stafford uprising?

Answer 22

Easter 1486

Question 23

What happened with the Lovell & Stafford uprising?

Answer 23

Lovell tried to raise a rebellion in Richard III’s heartland of support in the North Riding of Yorkshire. Simultaneously Stafford tried to raise forced against Henry in the midlands.

Question 24

What happened to those involved in the Lovell & Stafford uprising?

Answer 24

Lovell escaped. However, Humphrey Stafford was captured and executed. Although his younger brother Thomas was pardoned.

Question 25

What is significant about the Lovell & Stafford uprising?

Answer 25

How little enthusiasm ther was for a Yorkist uprising in their traditional heartlands

Question 26

Who was Lambert Simnel?

Answer 26

He was a boy from Oxford, who was tutored in courtly manners by a priest (Richard Symonds), with the intention of initially impersonating Richard (Duke of York) the younger of the two princes in the tower. He soon switches to impersonating the Earl of Warwick, he was captured at the Battle of Stoke and given a job in the royal kitchens.

Question 27

Who put together the Lambert Simnel conspiracy?

Answer 27

John de la Pole, Earl of Lincoln

Question 28

What initially happened with Lambert Simnel conspiracy?

Answer 28

He claimed to be the Earl of Warwick and was crowned King Edward in Ireland in May 1487. However, Henry had the real Earl of Warwick exhibited in London for all to see. Lincoln fled and joined Lovell at the court of Margaret of Burgundy.

Question 29

What did the Earl of Lincoln and Lambert Simnel persuade Margaret of Burgundy to do?

Answer 29

They persuaded her to support Simnel's bogus claim and pay for a force of mercenaries to invade England.

Question 30

How did Henry respond to the threat of Lambert Simnel?

Answer 30

He took the gamble of reinstating the untrustworthy Earl of Northumberland to power in the north. He also reinforced coastal defences in East Anglia.

Question 31

Where did Lambert Simnel's rebels land?

Answer 31

The northwest coast in Cumberland and crossed the pennines to drum up support in Richard III's heartland.

Question 32

What happened when Lambert Simnel's rebels tried to drum up support in the north riding of Yorkshire?

Answer 32

The Yorkist gentry were reluctant to commit themselves wholeheartedly to cause, presumably waiting to see who would win

Question 33

When was the Battle of Stoke Field?

Answer 33

16 JUN 1487

Question 34

What happened at the Battle of Stoke Field?

Answer 34

The Earl of Oxford lead Henry's army effectively and the Earl of Lincoln was killed after failing to add sufficient followers to his mercenary army.

Question 35

Why was Henry's victory at the Battle of Stoke Field significant?

Answer 35

It was this battle rather than Bosworth which really brought an end of the wars roses and Henry's position became safer.

Question 36

Who did Perkin Warbeck claim to be?

Answer 36

Richard, Duke of York

Question 37

Who was Perkin Warbeck?

Answer 37

He was cloth trader from Tournai, Flanders and was an irritant to Henry over a period of 8 years

Question 38

When did Perkin Warbeck begin to impersonate Richard, Duke of York?

Answer 38

1491 in Ireland

Question 39

Which court did Perkin Warbeck first appear at?

Answer 39

The court of Charles VIII in France

Question 40

Where did Perkin Warbeck go after his appearance at the court of Charles VIII?

Answer 40

The court of Margaret of Burgundy where he began to draw English courtiers into his conspiracies.

Question 41

When was Perkin Warbeck's first attempt to land in England?

Answer 41

1495

Question 42

What happened when Perkin Warbeck first tried to land in England?

Answer 42

Henry had been informed of Warbeck's intentions by one of his royal agents (Sir Robert Clifford). Waebeck was quickly defeated and fled to the court of James IV in Scotland.

Question 43

What was the effect of Sir William Stanley's conspiracy court?

Answer 43

It made Henry more isolated and led to the creation of the Privvy Chamber because he has been vulnerable in what should have been his safest place

Question 44

What happened in 1496 with Perkin Warbeck?

Answer 44

A small force crossed the Scottish border into England on Warbeck's behalf but quickly retreated

Question 45

Why were Warbeck's interests with James IV quickly sacrificed?

Answer 45

James gave in to Henry's offer of marriage to his daughter, Margaret

Question 46

What was Warbeck's final attempt to gain the throne?

Answer 46

He tried to exploit the uncertainies created by the Cornish rebellion in 1497

Question 47

Why was Warbeck exectued?

Answer 47

He allegedly tried to escape with the Earl of Warwick

Question 48

When were Perkin Warbeck and the Earl of Warwick executed?

Answer 48

1499

Question 49

Why was the Earl of Warwick a threat?

Answer 49

He was potentially the most obvious Yorkist claimant to the throne

Question 50

Who was Edmund de la Pole?

Answer 50

The Earl of Suffolk, he was one the younger brothers of the Earl of Lincoln

Question 51

Who was Richard de la Pole?

Answer 51

One of the younger brother of the Earl of Lincoln

Question 52

When did Edmund de la Pole (Earl of Suffolk) flee to Flanders?

Answer 52

1498

Question 53

After being pursuaded to return, when did the Earl of Suffolk flee for the second time?

Answer 53

1501

Question 54

What is a household government?

Answer 54

Medieval system of governance where the head of a household, invariably an adult male, had authority over the property, labour and mobility of everyone living on his land.

Question 55

Where did Edmund de la Pole (Earl of Suffolk) go after fleeing for the second time in 1501?

Answer 55

The court of Emperor Maximillian

Question 56

Why was the Treaty of Windsor significant?

Answer 56

Friendly relations were restored between England, Burgundy and Emperor Maximillian. Part of this treaty was that Maximillian agreed to give up Edmund de la Pole.

Question 57

When was the Treaty of Windsor?

Answer 57

1506

Question 58

What happened to Edmund de la Pole after the Treaty of Windsor?

Answer 58

He was imprisoned in the tower of London. However, HVII took no further action against him

Question 59

What eventually happened to Edmund de la Pole after being imprisoned in the Tower of London?

Answer 59

He was executed by Henry VIII in 1513 for treason

Question 60

What happened to Richard de la Pole?

Answer 60

He was left at large during his time in exile. However, he was killed fighting for French forces at the Battle of Pavia in 1525.