C1 - ATP + Photosynthesis

Question 1

What is ATP described as?

Answer 1

Universal energy currency

Question 2

What makes ATP suitable to its role?

Answer 2

Inert

Can pass from mitochondria to cytoplasm

Releases energy efficiently + in usable quantities

Easily hydrolysed

Readily formed by phosphorylation

Question 3

Describe the process of chemiosis in mitochondria

Answer 3

Proton Pumps in inner membrane use energy from high energy e- to pump PROTONS (H+) across inner membrane vs their conc. grad.

= Protons accumulate in intermembranous space (acidic)

Protons diff. ⬇️ conc. grad. into matrix through stalked particles (ATP synthase)

Energy released is used to combine ADP + Pi > ATP

Question 4

Describe Protons

Answer 4

Very small + easily pass through H20 molecules

Question 5

Explain DNP

Answer 5

Mitochondrial poison that allows electron transport but doesn’t allow ATP synthesis.

Some people have used this to try to lose weight as body resorts to oxidising fat + CHO but all the energy released from those is converted to heat so NO ATP can be made = body can overheat.

Question 6

3 adv of ATP as an energy-storage molecule within a cell

Answer 6

Can’t pass out of cell

Quickly + easily hydrolysed

Stores + releases small amounts of energy

Question 7

Suggest why conclusions made only on the basis of the data in the table may not be reliable.

Answer 7

Only 1 set of results = NO repeats

Question 8

RBC don’t contain mitochondria but they use ATP. By what process do RBC produce ATP?

Answer 8

Glycolysis/anaerobic respiration

As it doesn’t occur in mitochondria but takes place in cytoplasm instead.

Question 9

Explain why O2 is needed for the prod. of ATP on the Cristal of the mitochondria

Answer 9

O2 is final e- acceptor

e- can’t be passed along ETC if no O2 to accept them

2H+ + 2e- — H20