C02, P03 - K - Muscular System Flashcards
What are the three major muscle types?
- Skeletal
- Cardiac
- Smooth
Like ligaments, tendons also have poor…
Vascularity.
Muscle fibers are encased by a plasma membrane known as the…
Sarcolemma and contain cell components such as cellular plasma (sarcoplasm, which contains glycogen, fats, minerals, and myoglobin), nuclei, and mitochondria (which transform energy from food into energy for cells).
Myofibrils contain…
Myofilaments, which are the actual contractile components of muscle tissue.
Myofilaments are either…
Actin (thin filaments) or myosin (thick filaments).
Neurotransmitter used by the neuromuscular system is…
Acetylcholine (ACh).
Motor units cannot vary the amount of force they generate…
They either contract maximally or not at all.
What are the two types of muscle fibers?
Type I - Slow Twitch
Type II - Fast Twitch
What are the characteristics of Type I muscle fibers?
- More capillaries, mitochondria, and myoglobin.
- Increased oxygen delivery.
- Smaller in size.
- Less force produced.
- Slow to fatigue.
- Long-term contractions (stabilization).
What are the characteristics of Type II muscle fibers?
- Fewer capillaries, mitochondria, and myoglobin.
- Decreased oxygen delivery.
- Larger in size.
- More force produced.
- Quick to fatigue.
- Short-term contractions (force and power).
Type IIx muscle fibers…
Have a lower oxidative capacity and fatigue the quickest.
Type IIa muscle fibers…
Have higher oxidative capacity and can use both aerobic and anaerobic metabolism to create energy.
What are the four categories of muscle function?
- Agonist
- Synergist
- Stabilizer
- Antagonist
Agonist muscle act as…
Prime movers.
Synergist muscle assist…
Primer movers during movement.
