C02, P02 - K - Skeletal System

Question 1

Muscles are connected to bones by…

Answer 1

Tendons.

Question 2

How many bones are in the axial skeleton?

Answer 2

80.

Question 3

How many bones are in the appendicular skeleton?

Answer 3

126.

Question 4

How many bones are used for voluntary movement?

Answer 4

177.

Question 5

How many joints are there in the human body?

Answer 5

More than 300.

Question 6

Bones provide two vital functions in movement.

Answer 6

1. Provide leverage.

2. Provide support.

Question 7

Remodeling tends to follow lines of ______ placed on the bone.

Answer 7

Stress.

Question 8

What are the five major types of bones?

Answer 8

1. Long
2. Short.
3. Flat.
4. Irregular.
5. Sesamoid.

Question 9

Long bones are characterized by…

Answer 9

Their long cylindrical body (shaft) with irregular or widened bony ends.

Question 10

Short bones are characterized by…

Answer 10

Being similar in length and width (cubical) and consist of mostly spongy bone tissue to maximize shock absorption.

Question 11

Flat bones are characterized by…

Answer 11

Being thin and comprising of two layers of compact bone tissue surrounding a layer of spongy bone tissue.

Question 12

Irregular bones are characterized by…

Answer 12

A unique shape and function that do not fit any of the other categories.

Question 13

Sesamoid bones are…

Answer 13

Small bones embedded in a joint capsule where a tendon passes over a joint. They improve leverage and protect joints from damage.

Question 14

Periosteum contains…

Answer 14

Nerves, blood vessels, bone-producing cells and inner surface provides materials for repair and growth in the diameter of the bone.

Question 15

The cervical spine consists of…

Answer 15

The first 7 vertebrae.

Question 16

The thoracic spine consists of…

Answer 16

The 12 vertebrae of the upper and middle back.

Question 17

The lumbar spine consists of…

Answer 17

The 5 vertebrae of the lower back.

Question 18

What are the three curvatures of the human spine?

Answer 18

1. Posterior cervical concavity.
2. Anterior thoracic convexity.
3. Posterior lumbar concavity.

Question 19

What are the three major joint motion types?

Answer 19

1. Roll
2. Slide
3. Spin

Question 20

Synovial joints comprise approximately ____ % of the joints in the human body.

Answer 20

80%

Question 21

What are the six types of synovial joints?

Answer 21

1. Gliding (Plane).
2. Condyloid (Condylar or ellipsoidal).
3. Hinge.
4. Saddle.
5. Pivot.
6. Ball-and-socket.

Question 22

A gliding joint is a…

Answer 22

Nonaxial joint that moves back and forth or side to side (simplest of all joints).

Question 23

In a condyloid joint the condyloid of one bone…

Answer 23

Fits into the elliptical cavity of another with movement predominantly occurring in one plane.

Question 24

The hinge joint is a…

Answer 24

Uniaxial joint allowing movement predominantly in only the sagittal plane.

Question 25

A saddle joint looks like a…

Answer 25

Saddle with the articulating bone straddling it like a rider.

Question 26

Pivot joints allow movement in predominantly…

Answer 26

One plane of motion (rotation, pronation, and supination in transverse plane).

Question 27

Ball-and-socket joints allow movement in…

Answer 27

All three planes of motion.

Question 28

Ligaments connect…

Answer 28

Bone to bone and consist primarily of collagen and varying amounts of elastin.

Question 29

Ligaments have poor…

Answer 29

Vascularity, meaning they do not heal or repair very well and may be slower to adapt to stresses placed on the body.