C Unit 2.4 Organic Chemistry Flashcards
What are the 4 types of formulas?
- Molecular formula
- Structural formula
- Displayed formula
- Skeletal formula
Explain molecular formula
Shows atoms and how many of each
Explain structural formula
Shows atoms, how many of each, and how it’s connected
Explain displayed formula
Shows clearly which atoms present, how they arranged and all bonds
Explain skeletal formula
Uses zig-zag lines representing carbon chain
What code name for 1 carbon?
Meth…
What code name for 2 carbons?
Eth…
What code name for 3 carbons?
Prop…
What code name for 4 carbons?
But…
What code name for 5 carbons?
Pent…
What code name for 7 carbons?
Hept…
What code name for 9 carbons?
Non…
What is the molecular formula of a hydroxyl?
OH
What is the molecular formula for amine?
NH2
What consists of the carbonyl group?
- Aldehyde
- Ketone
What is the usual molecular formula for aldehyde?
R=O-H
(Double bond with oxygen but an additional H on the edge)
What is the usual molecular formula for ketone?
R=O
(Double bond but in the middle of the functional group)
What is the molecular formula for carboxyl?
O=C-OH
(The C connected to =O and -OH)
(COOH)
What is the molecular formula for nitrile?
R-C≡N
(That’s what’s important)
If the functional group has a double bond, what the suffix?
ene…
e.g.
Methene
If the functional group has chlorine, what the prefix?
Chloro
e.g.
1-chloro-butane
If the functional group has bromine, what the prefix?
Bromo
e.g.
1-bromo-butane
If the functional group has fluorine, what the prefix?
Fluoro
e.g.
1-fluoro-butane